Recombinant Human D (DRD1) Protein (His)

Name: Recombinant Human D (DRD1) Protein (His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-01586P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: All products, High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human D (DRD1) Protein (His) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P21728
Target Symbol	DRD1
Synonyms	DRD1; D(1A dopamine receptor; Dopamine D1 receptor
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His
Target Protein Sequence	RKAFSTLLGCYRLCPATNNAIETVSINNNGAAMFSSHHEPRGSISKECNLVYLIPHAVGSSEDLKKEEAAGIARPLEKLSPALSVILDYDTDVSLEKIQPITQNGQHPT
Expression Range	338-446aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	17.8 kDa
Research Area	Neuroscience
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase.
Subcellular Location	Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell projection, dendrite. Cell projection, dendritic spine.
Protein Families	G-protein coupled receptor 1 family
Database References	HGNC: 3020 OMIM: 126449 KEGG: hsa:1812 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000327652 UniGene: PMID: 29606146 The promoter region of DRD1 corresponded to positions - 1250 to + 250 in the DNA sequence. The transcription factor-binding sequence was localized. PMID: 30022436 Greater DRD1-related coexpression was associated with lower prefrontal activity and higher working memory performance, indicating greater working memory efficiency. PMID: 29735686 Molecular dynamics simulations show that the interaction of dopamine with the D1 receptor leads to the formation of a hydrogen-bond network with its catechol group and helices 3, 5, and 6, including water molecules. The para hydroxyl group of dopamine binds directly to S5.42 and N6.55, the latter also interacting with S5.43. The formation of this hydrogen-bond network, triggers the opening of the E6.30-R3.60 ionic lock. PMID: 28361444 Two SUMO modification sites existed in dopamine receptor D1, the phosphorylation of which, due to SUMO modification, can interact with PP2A, leading to the inhibition of D1 de-phosphorylation and normal function. PMID: 28770955 Nucleus accumbens dopamine-dopamine receptor signaling regulates sexual preference for females in male mice via Trpc2. PMID: 29241537 Positron emission tomography data showed strong to moderate evidence in favor of failed replications of correlations between D1-R availability and trait social desirability or physical aggression. PMID: 29543812 DR1 induces osteosarcoma cell apoptosis via changes to the MAPK pathway PMID: 28699280 Synonymous SNPs (rs1799914 and rs4867798) of the DRD1 gene were associated with Essential Hypertension in Hani nationality However, none SNPs of DRD1 and DRD3 of best models showed association with Essential Hypertension in Han and Yi nationality. PMID: 28579604 study to identify putative genetic factors in genes of serotonergic and dopaminergic systems modulating the level of manifestation of depressive symptoms in children; a significant interaction effect was detected between rs1039089 in conjunction with rs877138 located upstream of DRD1 and DRD2 genes respectively PMID: 27472173 D1 receptor system is associated with pre-motor inhibition electrophysiological correlates of response inhibition processes PMID: 27021648 DRD1, DRD2 and DRD3 may not be the susceptibility genes for schizophrenia in the Chinese Han population. PMID: 27591410 the D1 receptor exists in several different membrane localizations, depending on the receptor's conformation. PMID: 27570114 D1 receptor is involved in mediating the epileptic effects of Abeta1-42. PMID: 27701029 Signaling of dopamine receptor D1 is regulated by VPS35. PMID: 27460146 The Parkinson's disease-associated LRRK2 mutant G2019S impairs DRD1 internalization, leading to an alteration in signal transduction. The mutant forms of LRRK2 also affect receptor turnover by decreasing the rate of DRD2 trafficking from the Golgi complex to the cell membrane. PMID: 28582422 Here, using PET with [(11)C]raclopride, we identified in the AKT1 gene a new variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) marker associated with baseline striatal dopamine D2/D3 receptor availability and with methylphenidate-induced striatal dopamine increases in healthy volunteers. PMID: 28416594 We explore the role of mothers' executive function in mediating the relation between oxytocin and dopamine gene variants and maternal responsiveness and examined single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to the dopamine system DRD1 rs686, DRD1 rs265976,. Dopamine SNPs were not associated with any measure of executive function or parenting (all P > 0.05). PMID: 27620964 DRD1 gene polymorphisms are related to heroin dependence in a Chinese Han population and may be informative for future genetic or biological studies on heroin dependence. PMID: 25966176 Polymorphic mutations in the D2 receptor play a role in dimmer formation with the dopamine D1 receptor. PMID: 28119185 Parkinson's patients carrying allele T at DRD1C62T had an increased risk of visual hallucinations (VHs), expressed as OR (95 % CI, p value), of 10.7 (2.9-40, p = 0.0001). Moreover, patients with DRD1-48 GG and 62TT genotype displayed shorter time to VHs, whereas a longer time to VHs was found in subjects carrying the DRD4 CG alleles PMID: 27497990 DRD1 gene expression reduction in breast cancer patients after spiritual intervention PMID: 26597879 The results of this study showed that Lack of Association Between Polymorphisms in Dopamine Receptor-1 Genes With Childhood Autism in Chinese Han Population. PMID: 26337060 In the dominant model, rs4532 locus of DRD1 gene was related to hypertension with a pooled OR of 1.353 (95% CI =1.016-1.802, P=0.038). [meta-analysis] PMID: 26730182 This study revealed that the factors of schizotypy resembling the negative symptoms of schizophrenia are associated with the minor rs4532/C allele of 4532 SNP on the DRD1 gene. PMID: 26723139 on a sequence learning task in 161 Caucasian participants, the DRD1 polymorphism predicted the ability to learn new sequences PMID: 26419600 the DRD1 gene is implicated in the pathophysiology of psychosis and support the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia. PMID: 26957229 No significant association between candidate gene variants and criminal behavior was detected. PMID: 26041607 In penetrating brain injury, carriers of more transcriptionally active DRD1 alleles compared demonstrated greater aggression levels due to medial prefrontal cortex lesions but reduced aggression levels due to lateral prefrontal cortex lesions. PMID: 24618367 Conserved residues in intracellular loop 1 and transmembrane region 2 of DRD1 and DRD5 are essential in ligand binding and signal transduction. PMID: 26186971 D1R and D5R colocalize in renal proximal tubule cells and physically interact in second messenger coupling pathways and heterologous receptor interaction between the two receptors. PMID: 24552847 Dopamine D1 receptor (DRD1) 5' region haplotypes significantly affect transcriptional activity in vitro PMID: 26484506 Polymorphisms in DRD1, DRD2 and GRIN2B confer increased risk of impulse control problems among PD patients. PMID: 25896831 Stress, which in part is mediated by dopamine acting via the D1 receptor, may disrupt normal synaptic plasticity in adolescence resulting in excessive synaptic elimination PMID: 24410560 Dopamine D1 receptor-expressing neurons provide the dominant source of accumbal inhibition to lateral hypothalamus to control over feeding. PMID: 26593092 The observed frequency of dopamine DRD1 and DRD4 polymorphisms is similar to the distribution of these variants in other Caucasian populations PMID: 26665568 D1-like receptors inhibit ROS production by altering PON2 distribution in membrane microdomains in the short-term, and by increasing PON2 expression in the long-term. PMID: 25740199 did not find significant pooled Odds Ratios for any of the six genes, under different models and stratifying for ethnicity. PMID: 25660313 Results suggest that altered splicing of DRD2 and expression of DRD1 may constitute a pathophysiological mechanism in risk for schizophrenia, bipolar and major depressive disorders PMID: 24322206 The GG genotype of rs4532 locus in DRD1 gene was associated with an increased risk of bipolar disorder (Meta-analysis). PMID: 24001587 this work suggests that D1 receptor alters the distribution of Galphas and Galphai3 subunits inside the membrane. PMID: 25527226 Sorting nexin 5 and dopamine d1 receptor regulate the expression of the insulin receptor in human renal proximal tubule cells PMID: 25825816 dopamine receptor is involved in the etiological and cognitive deficits of BD. DRD4 may associate with psychotic symptomatology rather than with a unique diagnosis of BD. DRD1 may associate with cognitive deficits of BD. PMID: 25233244 DRD1 polymorphism predisposes to lung cancer among those exposed to secondhand smoke during childhood. PMID: 25281486 DRD1 polymorphisms may not influence the clinical efficacy of risperidone in Chinese schizophrenia patients. PMID: 25179995 Dopamine D1 receptor activation increases HIV entry into primary human macrophages. PMID: 25268786 LRs are essential not only for the proper membrane distribution and maintenance of AC5/6 activity but also for the regulation of D1R- and D5R-mediated AC signaling. PMID: 25049074 Two rare missense variants in DRD1 were found in patients with tardive-like dystonia. PMID: 24768614 DRD1 might contribute minimally to the emergence of symptoms and cognitive difficulties associated with ADHD in childhood, but may act as a modifier gene of these clinical features and outcome during later development for those with ADHD PMID: 24410775 Constitutive D1R differs from D5R in that it fails to drive expression CRE-regulated genes. Treatment of a D1R line with cis-flupentixol induced up-regulation of Na,K-ATPase-alpha2, NHE-2 and NHE-3 mRNA levels. PMID: 25154512

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.