Recombinant Human Claudin-4 (CLDN4) Protein (His), Active

Name: Recombinant Human Claudin-4 (CLDN4) Protein (His), Active
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-05743P
Availability: InStock

this product is detected by Mouse anti-6*His monoclonal antibody.

Activity Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized Human CLDN4 at 5 μg/ml can bind Anti-CLDN4 recombinant antibody , the EC 50 is 29.56-50.75 ng/mL. Biological Activity Assay

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Claudin-4 (CLDN4) Protein (His), Active is produced by our Mammalian cell expression system. This is a full length protein.
Endotoxin	Less than 1.0 EU/ug as determined by LAL method.
Activity	Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized Human CLDN4 at 5 μg/mL can bind Anti-CLDN4 recombinant antibody , the EC 50 is 29.56-50.75 ng/mL.
Uniprotkb	O14493
Target Symbol	CLDN4
Synonyms	(Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin receptor)(CPE-R)(CPE-receptor)(Williams-Beuren syndrome chromosomal region 8 protein)
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	Mammalian cell
Tag	C-10His
Target Protein Sequence	MASMGLQVMGIALAVLGWLAVMLCCALPMWRVTAFIGSNIVTSQTIWEGLWMNCVVQSTGQMQCKVYDSLLALPQDLQAARALVIISIIVAALGVLLSVVGGKCTNCLEDESAKAKTMIVAGVVFLLAGLMVIVPVSWTAHNIIQDFYNPLVASGQKREMGASLYVGWAASGLLLLGGGLLCCNCPPRTDKPYSAKYSAARSAAASNYV
Expression Range	1-209aa
Protein Length	Full Length
Mol. Weight	23.4 kDa
Form	Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered PBS, 6% Trehalose, pH 7.4
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Channel-forming tight junction protein that mediates paracellular chloride transport in the kidney. Plays a critical role in the paracellular reabsorption of filtered chloride in the kidney collecting ducts. Claudins play a major role in tight junction-specific obliteration of the intercellular space, through calcium-independent cell-adhesion activity.
Subcellular Location	Cell junction, tight junction. Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
Protein Families	Claudin family
Database References	HGNC: 2046 OMIM: 602909 KEGG: hsa:1364 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000342445 UniGene: PMID: 29671892 these results suggest that Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide induces TLR2 expression in the gastric adenocarcinoma cells, and that the longer the exposure to lipopolysaccharide, the greater the expression of TLR2 in the cell membrane; consequently the expression of claudin-4, -6, -7 and -9 also increases PMID: 29031421 HIF-1alpha expression was upregulated in the vasculogenic mimicry-positive CRC cell line HCT-116 and thereby affected the expression of the EMT-related markers Claudin-4, E-cadherin (E-cd) and Vimentin(VIM). PMID: 27869227 expression of claudin-4 is highly specific for true epithelial differentiation and may be useful to distinguish SWI/SNF complex-deficient undifferentiated carcinomas from sarcomas with epithelioid morphology. The lack of claudin-4 expression in ovarian small cell carcinomas of hypercalcemic type suggests that these tumors may be better regarded as sarcomas rather than carcinomas. PMID: 28084340 Data indiate a regulatory network in gastric cancer whereby claudin-4 expression is reduced by specific miRNAs, which are in turn bound by specific lncRNAs acting as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), resulting in increased claudin-4 expression. PMID: 28819095 This is the first study to show how TGF-beta regulates the expression of Claudin-4 through c-Jun signaling and how this pathway contributes to the migratory and tumorigenic phenotype of lung tumor cells. PMID: 27424491 Claudin-4 functionally contributes to both ovarian tumor cell apoptosis resistance and migration and targeting extracellular loop interactions of claudin-4 may have therapeutic implications for reducing ovarian tumor burden. PMID: 27724921 Fluorescence-based flow cytometry and xenon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicate binding of the biosensor specifically to claudin 4 (Cldn4)-expressing cells. PMID: 28636798 Studies indicate that Grainyhead-like transcription factor 2 (GRHL2) controls the expression of E-cadherin (CDH1) required for adherens junctions and possibly regulates the expression of claudin-4 (CLDN4) in tight junctions. PMID: 28636799 Studies indicate claudin 1 (CLDN-1) as a target for improving epidermal drug absorption and preventing HCV infection and of claudin 4 (CLDN-4) as a target for anticancer therapeutics. PMID: 28415141 Mislocalization claudin-3 to nucleus in colon cancer and mislocalization claudin-4 to nucleus in adenomas of the colon were detected for the first time. The potential reasons for the paradoxical expression are discussed and a review of the literature, related all the alleged mechanisms of this mislocalization is provided. PMID: 28295005 Reg I may play a role in the maintenance of mucosal barrier function by inducing tight junction proteins such as claudins 3 and 4. PMID: 27055226 claudin-4 may represent different mechanisms of lymphatic vessel invasion with both biomarkers is related to poor prognosis PMID: 26464161 These results suggested that increase of Cldn4-expression may be involved in early molecular events during carcinogenesis of adenocarcinoma, whereas increase of Cldn7-expression may be associated with tumor invasion or progression. PMID: 26872891 that claudins-4 and -7 might be valuable markers for distinguishing hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma and that cholangiolocellular carcinoma might arise from hepatic ductal cells PMID: 27444172 that claudin-4 can be helpful at least in making a reliable differential diagnosis of spiradenoma when overlapping morphologic features do not allow to further subclassification in the overwhelming variety of the adnexal tumors. PMID: 26616722 Results showed overexpression of CLDN4 in endometrial cancer cells. Its intracellular presence coupled with the biphasic effects of E2 on its expression in the cytoskeleton suggest that it may be involved in cell signaling to and from tight junctions. PMID: 26043767 claudin 1 and claudin 4 are differentially involved in atopic dermatitis pathogenesis PMID: 26319240 Results suggested that claudin-4, which was regulated by methylation status, plays an important role in breast cancer growth and malignancy via the control of cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis. PMID: 26058359 Overexpression of claudin-4 induced formation of vascular channels in breast cancer. PMID: 25871476 This meta-analysis shows that over-expression of claudin-4 is associated with progress of gastric cancer and poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients. PMID: 26109060 Data suggest that changes in DNA methylation in trophoblasts regulate (1) cell mobility/placentation, (2) expression of claudin-4 (CLDN4) and 4-fucosyltransferase (FUT4), and (3) matrix metalloproteinase (MMP2 and MMP9) activity. PMID: 25697377 Data show that claudin-4 and claudin-7 were observed in hepatocytes of severely damaged mouse and human livers. PMID: 24737165 increased claudin-3 and claudin-4 expression may play a postive role in the progression and metastasis of gastric cancer PMID: 25755790 Studies suggest that claudin-3 and claudin-4 might be targets for the treatment of chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer and other tumors overexpressing claudin-3 and -4 using Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE)-based theranostic agents. PMID: 23685873 Claudin-4 controls the receptor tyrosine kinase EphA2 pro-oncogenic switch through beta-catenin PMID: 25344320 Our results indicate that CLDN4 expression is correlated with poor prognosis, and CLDN1 expression may be an indicator of recurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma. PMID: 25964581 Claudin-4 is frequently expressed in primary breast cancers but especially in their metastases and is thereby an attractive membrane bound molecular imaging and drug target. PMID: 25417118 Claudins 2 and 4 have reciprocal effects on epithelial barrier function, exhibit differential FRAP dynamics, and compete for residency within the tight junction. PMID: 25031428 Increased claudin 4 expression was related to advanced stage and decreased survival in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. PMID: 25778318 Claudin 1, 4, and 7 are important building blocks of paracellular adhesion molecules; their decreased expression in colorectal cancer seems to have critical effects on cell proliferation, motility, invasion, and immune response against the tumor. PMID: 25038829 upregulation of claudin-4 expression regulated by DeltaNp63 might be associated with complementary or repair responses of damaged keratinocytes with atopic dermatitis PMID: 25449274 The present study demonstrates that high expression of claudins 1, 4, 5 and down-regulation of claudin-7 are positive prognostic markers and are associated with good outcome and increased survival rates. PMID: 24815833 Low expression of claudin-4 is associated with recurrence in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. PMID: 24737010 The degradation of claudin-3 and claudin-4 induced by acidic stress could be attenuated by specific TRPV1 blockers. PMID: 24073800 twist and zeb1 are involved in placental maturation, whereas claudin 4 appears to be connected with placental diseases such as diabetes, toxaemia or molar disease. PMID: 24304426 Claudin-4 immunohistochemistry effectively distinguishes adenocarcinoma from malignant mesothelioma with high sensitivity and specificity in the evaluation of malignant effusions. PMID: 24421209 Claudin-4 was very useful marker for distinguishing mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma PMID: 23775021 claudin-4 and PAX8 have a higher sensitivity and specificity for discriminating between pleural epithelioid mesotheliomas and renal cell carcinomas compared with other positive carcinoma markers PMID: 23503645 High claudin-4 expression is associated with gastric carcinoma. PMID: 23822740 PAX8 and claudin-4 have a higher sensitivity and specificity for assisting in discriminating between peritoneal epithelioid mesotheliomas and serous carcinomas when compared with all of the other positive carcinoma markers PMID: 23196794 Exceedingly high levels of CLDN4 might negatively influence fertility rates. PMID: 23668053 Knockdown of claudin-4 inhibited cell motility and the mimic peptide had no effect on motility in the claudin-4 knockdown cells. PMID: 23521713 Claudin-4 is a highly specific and sensitive immunohistochemical marker for assisting in distinguishing epithelioid mesotheliomas from metastatic carcinomas to the serosal membranes. PMID: 23596113 Altered claudin-4 expression in progesterone-treated endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line Ishikawa. PMID: 23095775 Claudin-3(CLDN3) and claudin-4 (CLDN4) affect sensitivity of the ovarian cancer cells to the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin by regulating expression of the Cu transporter CTR1. PMID: 23053666 Modeling the "airway reopening" process, examined consequent increases in pulmonary epithelial plasma membrane rupture, paracellular permeability, and disruption of the tight junction proteins zonula occludens-1 and claudin-4. PMID: 22898551 High CLDN4 expression is associated with tumor growth and metastases. PMID: 23097631 Progesterone could inhibit the growth of Ishikawa cells by decreasing the expression of claudin-4. PMID: 22883527 these results indicate that Twist1 induces the repression of claudin-4 expression during the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in esophageal carcinoma. PMID: 22668877

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.