Recombinant Human CHI3L1 Protein (C-6His)

Name: Recombinant Human CHI3L1 Protein (C-6His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-0475NP
Availability: InStock

BL-0475NP: Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: All products, High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1 is produced by our Mammalian expression system and the target gene encoding Tyr22-Thr383 is expressed with a 6His tag at the C-terminus.
Accession	P36222
Synonym	Chitinase-3-Like protein 1; 39 kDa Synovial Protein; Cartilage Glycoprotein 39; CGP-39; GP-39; hCGP-39; YKL-40; CHI3L1
Gene Background	Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1 (CHI3L1) belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. CHI3L1 is expressed in activated macrophages, articular chondrocytes, synovial cells as well as in liver. It lacks chitinase activity and is secreted by activated macrophages, chondrocytes, neutrophils and synovial cells. CHI3L1 is thought to play a role in defense against pathogens, or in tissue remodeling, and in the capacity of cells to respond to and cope with changes in their environment. In addition, CHI3L1 is associated with susceptibility to asthma-related traits type 7 (ASRT7) which assessed by methacholine challenge test, serum IgE levels, atopy, and atopic dermatitis.
Molecular Mass	41.5 KDa
Apmol Mass	46 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20mM Tris-HCl, 300mM NaCl, 2mM EDTA, pH8.5.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening. Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Carbohydrate-binding lectin with a preference for chitin. Has no chitinase activity. May play a role in tissue remodeling and in the capacity of cells to respond to and cope with changes in their environment. Plays a role in T-helper cell type 2 (Th2) inflammatory response and IL-13-induced inflammation, regulating allergen sensitization, inflammatory cell apoptosis, dendritic cell accumulation and M2 macrophage differentiation. Facilitates invasion of pathogenic enteric bacteria into colonic mucosa and lymphoid organs. Mediates activation of AKT1 signaling pathway and subsequent IL8 production in colonic epithelial cells. Regulates antibacterial responses in lung by contributing to macrophage bacterial killing, controlling bacterial dissemination and augmenting host tolerance. Also regulates hyperoxia-induced injury, inflammation and epithelial apoptosis in lung.
Subcellular Location	Secreted, extracellular space. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Endoplasmic reticulum.
Protein Families	Glycosyl hydrolase 18 family
Database References	HGNC: 1932 OMIM: 181500 KEGG: hsa:1116 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000255409 UniGene: PMID: 28941940 Polymorphisms of the CHI3L1 gene (rs4950928 C>G and rs10399931 C>T) are associated with the risk and prognosis of AD and can affect the expression of CHI3L1 in plasma. PMID: 30223258 High YKL-40 expression is associated with endothelial cell angiogenesis in breast cancer. PMID: 29274508 Pretreatment serum levels of YKL-40 may be a novel prognostic factor of overall and disease-free survival in patients with nonmetastatic colorectal cancer PMID: 29642772 Plasma YKL-40 distinguishes between patients with features of asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) overlap (ACO) and COPD patients. PMID: 29580282 CHI3L1 expression is a novel biomarker for the prognosis of gastric cancer and these findings have thus identified CHI3L1/CD44 axis as a vital pathway and potential therapeutic target in gastric cancer PMID: 30165890 YKL-40 was highly elevated in patients with ESRD on HD, and dialysis reduced serum YKL-40 concentrations approximately one-sixth. YKL-40 measured after dialysis was independently associated with mortality in HD patients. PMID: 29357700 Review/Meta-analysis: YKL-40 may be implicated in bronchial inflammation and remodeling in COPD and may be considered as a useful biomarker for COPD diagnosis and monitoring. PMID: 29430175 YKL-40 is a glycoprotein - a potential marker for active inflammatory process - with proven predictive value in a number of diseases that evolve with inflammation, remodeling of the extracellular matrix, or development of fibrosis. PMID: 29400369 TMEM219 plays a critical role in Chi3l1-induced IL-13Ralpha2 mediated signalling and tissue responses. PMID: 27629921 Our present data reveal the crucial role of CHI3L1 in the formation of vasculogenic mimicry, which may contribute to tumour aggressiveness of cervical cancer PMID: 29452694 there was a negative correlation between YKL-40 and TLR4 expression in chronic sinusitis patients with nasal polyps. YKL-40 and TLR4 interacted with each other to activate NF-kappaB and promote disease progression. PMID: 29921378 CHI3L1 may be a previously unrecognized biomarker for diagnosing Gaucher Diseases (GD) and for evaluating the therapeutic effects of new GD drug. PMID: 29396296 Study established a connection between the pretreated CHI3L1 and patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and the serum CHI3L1 was primarily secreted by ESCC-surrounded macrophages. PMID: 29209110 YKL-40 is expressed in cutaneous Squamous Cell Skin Cancer PMID: 30061245 The G allele of CHI3L1 rs4950928 might be a protective factor against the development of asthma. PMID: 29233108 This study suggests that CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 are associated with the progression of neurodegeneration in motor cortex and spinal cord of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis patients. PMID: 28989002 in neurodegenerative dementias, YKL-40 is a disease-specific marker of neuroinflammation showing its highest levels in prion diseases PMID: 29126445 Serum IL-6, serum YKL-40, and plasma VEGF were significantly correlated with disease activity at baseline in early rheumatoid arthritis. PMID: 29336711 high serum YKL-40 levels correlated with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and might serve as a nonspecific biomarker for prediction and progression of the disease. PMID: 29028081 YKL-40 could be considered as a useful biomarker of inflammation in psoriasis and is more sensitive than CRP or WBC. Increased YKL-40 may indicate psoriatic patients with a higher level of systemic inflammation, which may determine disease management. PMID: 28932021 YKL-40 protein expression associated with severe lung function impairment and severe exacerbations in Asthma patients. PMID: 29025889 Results suggest a potential role of chitinase 3 like 1 protein (CHI3L1) in angiogenesis in invasive ductal breast carcinoma (IDC) and may suggest its involvement in cancer progression. PMID: 29848684 YKL-40 is a promising biomarker for evaluating polymyositis/dermatomyositis-associated interstitial lung disease activity/severity and predicting disease prognosis. PMID: 28711881 Early-onset atopic dermatitis was associated with rs2303067 in SPINK5, which is involved in skin barrier functioning, and late-onset was associated with rs4950928 in CHI3L1, which is involved in the immune response. Future studies should examine the early- versus late-onset subgrouping more closely. PMID: 28681574 YKL-40 may represent a novel biomarker for predicting hypertension risk in prehypertension population PMID: 28797750 A high diagnostic sensitivity of YKL-40 in the early stages of the disease suggests the possibility of using this biomarker at an early diagnostic phase of patients with endometrial cancer. The patients with increased levels of YKL-40 before treatment are also at the higher risk of relapse. PMID: 28624692 Serum YKL-40 was elevated only in atrial fibrllation and not in other supraventricular arrhythmias. PMID: 28639986 YKL-40 is elevated in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) patients, and may be of clinical utility to predict outcome in PAP PMID: 28569052 strongly expressed in placenta percreta and correlated with extravillous trophoblast invasion PMID: 27977409 YKL-40 was expressed by macrophages in liver tissue of NAFLD patients. PMID: 27739482 The results of this study indicate that YKL-40 may contribute to decreased stability and increased permeability of BBB in AD patients PMID: 28697565 YKL-40 is expressed by a subset of astrocytes in Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. PMID: 28599675 This study has shown that YKL-40 serum level is increased in patients with atopic dermatitis and reflects the severity of symptoms. PMID: 28660216 YKL-40 levels were found to be significantly higher in post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) patients with exacerbation compared with that in bronchiolitis patients and showed a positive correlation with the severity of disease before diagnosis of PIBO. PMID: 28567534 miR-24 serves as a molecular regulator in S. aureus-induced macrophage polarization through targeting of CHI3L1 and regulation of the MAPK pathway PMID: 28303416 High YKL-40 expression is independently and markedly associated with worse overall survival in glioblastoma patients. PMID: 27090900 Datashow that patients with YKL-40 overexpression had significantly shorter survival time than those with low YKL-40 expression. PMID: 28099248 The level of serum YKL-40 is a significant and independent biomarker to predict the clinical outcome in large-artery atherosclerotic stroke. PMID: 27650381 TrkB-containing exosomes play a key role in the control of glioblastoma progression and aggressiveness, as seen in a model of YKL-40-inactivated glioblastoma cells PMID: 27385098 findings suggest that these pulmonary markers could be useful to assess CAP severity and, especially YKL-40 and CCL18 by helping predict CAP caused by atypical pathogens PMID: 29324810 The present meta-analysis indicate that elevated YKL-40 expression is associated with a poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. YKL-40 may serve as a promising predictive biomarker of prognosis of breast cancer PMID: 28036271 YKL-40 induces IL-18 production in osteoblasts and thereby stimulates angiogenesis of endothelial progenitor cells through the suppression of miR-590-3p via the focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. PMID: 28448439 YKL-40 levels showed a positive correlation with blood neutrophil counts but no consistent relationships with clinical characteristics of relevance to continuous wheeze in preschool children PMID: 27732738 Study suggests that YKL-40 is associated with hypertension incidence only among men. PMID: 27815265 In HCT donors with YKL-40 plasma concentrations, a trend toward increased grade II-IV acute GvHD in recipients was observed with no significant associations with overall survival, treatment-related mortality or relapse PMID: 27427920 Review of evidence for the role of YKL-40 in the diagnosis, prognosis and cause of cardiovascular and alcoholic liver disease. PMID: 27187575 the level of CHI3L1 protein in the sera of patients with gastric or breast cancer was significantly elevated compared with those of healthy donors. M2 macrophage-secreted CHI3L1 promoted the metastasis of gastric and breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo PMID: 28143526 Besides being associated with tau pathology, CSF YKL-40 adds to the growing array of biomarkers reflecting distinct molecular brain mechanisms potentially useful for stratifying individuals for biomarker-guided, targeted anti-inflammatory therapies emerging from precision medicine. PMID: 28281838 SNPs in CHI3L1 and cord blood YKL-40 were not associated with lung function measurements at 5 weeks and 6 years, respiratory symptoms in the first year, and allergic sensitisation at 6 years. Genetic variation in CHI3L1 might be related to the development of milder forms of asthma. PMID: 27193312

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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