Recombinant Human CD55 Protein (C-6His)

Name: Recombinant Human CD55 Protein (C-6His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-0404NP
Availability: InStock

BL-0404NP: Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: All products, Car-nk targets proteins, Cluster of differentiation (cd) proteins, Featured cd protein molecules, High-quality recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human CD55 is produced by our Mammalian expression system and the target gene encoding Asp35-Ser353 is expressed with a 6His tag at the C-terminus.
Accession	P08174
Synonym	Complement Decay-Accelerating factor; CD55; CR; DAF
Gene Background	CD55 is a member of the RCA (regulators of complement activation) family. RCA proteins is characterized by the presence of four to 30 SCRs (short consensus repeats also called CCPs for control protein modules) in their plasmaexposed regions. CD55 containing four SCR modules is involved in the regulation of the complement cascade. CD55 is known to bind CD97 via the first SCR. It also binds physiologically generated C3 convertases with its second and third SCRs. Binding results in an accelerated “decay”, or dissociation of active C3 convertases, thus blocking the development of C’ attack complexes on nonforeign cells. It is known that viruses and bacteria also utilize multiple SCR sites for infection.
Molecular Mass	36 KDa
Apmol Mass	50-75 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20mM PB, 150mM NaCl, pH 7.4.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening. Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	This protein recognizes C4b and C3b fragments that condense with cell-surface hydroxyl or amino groups when nascent C4b and C3b are locally generated during C4 and c3 activation. Interaction of daf with cell-associated C4b and C3b polypeptides interferes with their ability to catalyze the conversion of C2 and factor B to enzymatically active C2a and Bb and thereby prevents the formation of C4b2a and C3bBb, the amplification convertases of the complement cascade. Inhibits complement activation by destabilizing and preventing the formation of C3 and C5 convertases, which prevents complement damage.; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Coxsackievirus A21, coxsackieviruses B1, B3 and B5.; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Human enterovirus 70 and D68 (Probable).; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Human echoviruses 6, 7, 11, 12, 20 and 21.
Subcellular Location	[Isoform 1]: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.; [Isoform 2]: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor.; [Isoform 3]: Secreted.; [Isoform 4]: Secreted.; [Isoform 5]: Secreted.; [Isoform 6]: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor.; [Isoform 7]: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor.
Protein Families	Receptors of complement activation (RCA) family
Database References	HGNC: 2665 OMIM: 125240 KEGG: hsa:1604 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000316333 UniGene: PMID: 30001983 The work identified two new host factors that may act as receptors for P. falciparum during invasion: CD44 and CD55. (Review) PMID: 29249333 the first comprehensive analysis of variation in the CD55 gene in the context of Severe malaria. PMID: 28104671 CD55 rs2564978 polymorphism may contribute to an increased risk of non-small cell lung carcinoma in Chinese population. PMID: 28008159 HPLC/MS analyses of diabetic RBC glucose-modified DAF localized the sites of AGE modifications to K(125) adjacent to K(126), K(127) at the junction of CCPs2-3 and spatially near R(96), and R(100), all identified as being critical for DAF's function. Non-enzymatic DAF glycation de-regulated activation of systemic complement and T-cell activation. PMID: 28886871 CD55 TT genotype was linked to H7N9/H1N1pdm09 influenza severity in a large Chinese cohort. PMID: 28510725 our data show that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection induces sCD55 expression in HCV-infected cell culture-conditioned medium and inhibits C3 convertase activity PMID: 27357152 CD55 deficiency with hyperactivation of complement, angiopathic thrombosis, and protein-losing enteropathy (the CHAPLE syndrome) is caused by abnormal complement activation due to biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CD55. PMID: 28657829 There is an altered pattern of CD55 and CD59 expression on RBCs of SCD Patients; however, it does not seem to play a causal role in the pathophysiology of anemia, and is unlikely to be influenced by the level of erythropoietin or other inflammatory mediators. PMID: 27667587 This study indicated that the CD97 and CD55 proteins might be reliable biomarkers to predict the metastasis status and prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients. PMID: 28345461 Expression of PBMC-DAF declined in patients both at mRNA and surface level and correlated negatively with the disease activity. Expression of IFN-gamma also declined in patients but correlated positively with DAF and negatively with disease activity PMID: 26906204 Over expression of CD55 in brushing samples taken from Barrett's esophagus PMID: 26202380 present study suggested that the expressions of CD97 antigen and decay accelerating factor DAF were both upregulated in human cervical squamous cell carcinoma PMID: 26107567 conclude that CD55 expression is affected by glycemic status in human islets and plays a critical role in maintaining the conserved structure of rafts in pancreatic islets, which is similar to that of the related complement inhibitor CD59 PMID: 25797618 CD55 is an essential host factor for P. falciparum invasion. CD55-null erythrocytes were refractory to invasion by all isolates of P. falciparum because parasites failed to attach properly to the erythrocyte surface. PMID: 25954012 Data suggest that CD55 (but not CD59) on red blood cells is down-regulated in subjects with beta-thalassemia major as compared to control subjects; CD55 expression is intermediate on patients with beta-thalassemia intermedia. PMID: 25026028 Expression of human decay-accelerating factor on intestinal epithelium of transgenic mice does not facilitate coxsackievirus B3 infection by the enteral route. PMID: 25653430 Expression of membrane complement regulators, CD46, CD55 and CD59, in mesothelial cells of patients on peritoneal dialysis therapy. PMID: 25725314 Taken together, these results support the current model of coxsackievirus B3-DAF interaction and point to a specific role for viral VP1 T271 and DAF S104 at the virus-DAF interface. PMID: 25392210 DAF rs10746463 polymorphism effects on the risk of developing gastric cancer in Chinese population. PMID: 25457880 The presence of CD55- and/or CD59-deficient erythrocytic populations in patients with rheumatic diseases reflects an immune-mediated bone-marrow derived phenomenon. PMID: 24463881 The expression levels of CD46, CD55, and CD59 were significantly higher in colon cancer tissues compared with the normal adjacent colon tissues. PMID: 24978917 Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-IgG3 antibody weakly promotes assembly of classical C3 convertase that is further suppressed in the presence of CD55, forcing human IgG3 to act mainly through the alternative pathway amplification route. PMID: 24973443 the use of alpha-gal as antigen to induce tumor cell killing may be a potential therapeutic strategy in colon cancer and that CD55 plays a primary role in conferring resistance to lysis PMID: 24763553 Hemolytic uremic syndrome evolved independently from CD55 and CD59 expression on peripheral blood cells in enteroaggregative E.coli O104:H4 infected patients. PMID: 24086391 Authors showed that the PI3K/Akt pathway negatively regulated the expression of DAF on the epithelial cell surface and thus inhibited the adhesion of Dr(+) E. coli to epithelial cells. PMID: 24599886 CD55 acts as a potent costimulator and activator of human naive CD4(+) cells, resulting in the differentiation of a discrete Tr1 population that inhibits T cell function in an IL-10-dependent manner and maintains the Tr1 phenotype upon restimulation. PMID: 24198281 hCG plays a role in embryo-endometrium communication and affects the expression of C3 and DAF in endometrial compartments during the implantation window. PMID: 23427180 The pattern of expression of the CD55(int7+) isoforms in normal and cancer tissues, were determined. PMID: 23692281 hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection of hepatocytes or HCV core protein expression in transfected hepatocytes upregulated CD55 expression at the mRNA and protein levels PMID: 23658447 Crry deletion from DAF-deficient mouse platelets cause abnormal platelet turnover, leading to compensatory increase in thrombopoiesis. PMID: 23390291 vitamin D3 signaling may promote an anti-inflammatory response through an NF-kappaB-dependent increase in CD55 expression. PMID: 23152895 HCV incorporates selectively CD59, but not CD46 or CD55, in its envelope to gain resistance to CML in serum of infected individuals PMID: 23049856 Data indicate that nitric oxide downregulates decay accelerating factor (DAF) expression by inhibiting its promoter activity possibly through a decreased binding of Sp1 in association of HuR. PMID: 23176121 CD55 polymorphisms are not genetic markers of aspirininduced bronchospasm, including FEV1, in the population studied. PMID: 22961402 we present a concise historic prospective and a summary of accumulated knowledge on steroid hormones, DAF expression, and therapeutic implication of steroid hormone treatment--{review} PMID: 23402020 The aim of this study was to determine the transcript and protein levels of complement decay-accelerating factor (DAF) and membrane cofactor protein (MCP) in the placentas of women with acquired and inherited thrombophilia. PMID: 23042280 Using biochemical and cell biological approaches in a uterine epithelial cell model (Ishikawa cells), DAF accumulates in caveolae upon exposure to nitrogen oxide. PMID: 22574734 Data show that in preeclamptic women, diffuse placental C4d was associated with a significantly lower gestational age at delivery, and the mRNA expression of the complement regulatory proteins CD55 and CD59 was significantly upregulated. PMID: 23006730 DiMNF can repress the cytokine-mediated induction of CD55 mRNA and protein. PMID: 22553215 mumps virus (MuV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) assemble to include CD46 and CD55, two host cell regulators which inhibit propagation of complement pathways through distinct mechanisms. PMID: 22761385 In conclusion, CD55 polymorphisms are associated with severe 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza A virus infection. PMID: 22693232 CD97 and CD55 showed high expression at the invasive front of gallbladder carcinoma. CD97 and CD55 expression was associated with high histologic grade, advanced pathologic T stage, clinical stage and positive venous/lymphatic invasion. PMID: 22547928 It was shown that a single amino acid substitution in the capsid protein VP2 of Echovirus 11 could control the expression of the DAF-dependent phenotype. PMID: 22445689 Data suggest that HBXIP upregulates CD46, CD55 and CD59 through p-ERK1/2/NF-kappaB signaling to protect breast cancer from complement-dependent cytotoxicity. PMID: 22293503 CD55 levels decrease on red blood cell of all ages during new onset malarial anaemia. PMID: 22206234 The lipopolysaccharide of Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were the most potent for increasing the gene expression of CD55 and CD59, and to a lesser extent CD46, after a 48-h stimulation. PMID: 21545652 Studies indicate that decreased expression of CD55+ and CD59+ on lymphocyte were found in 11 SLE patients accompanied by lymphocytopenia compared with controls. PMID: 21802665 Women with a diagnosis of preterm labor have increased decay-accelerating factor (DAF) expression on peripheral white blood cells. Failure to elevate DAF expression may be associated with a risk of early premature delivery. PMID: 21380985 results provide evidence that hDAF plays a central role in the early events of Escherichia coli Afa/Dr DAEC pathogenesis, including bacterial adherence and the establishment of cellular responses PMID: 21518786

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.