Recombinant Human CD14 Protein (C-6His)

Name: Recombinant Human CD14 Protein (C-6His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-0393NP
Availability: InStock

BL-0393NP: Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: All products, Cluster of differentiation (cd) proteins, Featured cd protein molecules, High-quality recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human CD14 is produced by our Mammalian expression system and the target gene encoding Thr20-Cys352 is expressed with a 6His tag at the C-terminus.
Accession	P08571
Synonym	Monocyte Differentiation Antigen CD14; Myeloid Cell-Specific Leucine-Rich Glycoprotein; CD14
Gene Background	CD14 is a cell surface glycoprotein that is preferentially expressed on monocytes/macrophages. CD14 is anchored to cells by linkage to glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) and functions as a pattern recognition receptor that binds lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and a variety of ligands derived from different microbial sources. The binding of CD14 with LPS is catalyzed by LPS binding protein (LBP). Toll like receptors have also been implicated in the transduction of CD14-LPS signals. Soluble CD14 can be released from the cell surface by phosphatidyinositolspecific phospholipase C and has been detected in serum and body fluids. High concentrations of soluble CD14 have been shown to inhibit LPS mediated responses. However, soluble CD14 can also potentiate LPS response in cells that do not express cell surface CD14.
Molecular Mass	36.81 KDa
Apmol Mass	54 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20mM PB, 150mM NaCl, pH 7.4.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening. Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Coreceptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide. In concert with LBP, binds to monomeric lipopolysaccharide and delivers it to the LY96/TLR4 complex, thereby mediating the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Acts via MyD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Acts as a coreceptor for TLR2:TLR6 heterodimer in response to diacylated lipopeptides and for TLR2:TLR1 heterodimer in response to triacylated lipopeptides, these clusters trigger signaling from the cell surface and subsequently are targeted to the Golgi in a lipid-raft dependent pathway. Binds electronegative LDL (LDL(-)) and mediates the cytokine release induced by LDL(-).
Subcellular Location	Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor. Secreted. Membrane raft. Golgi apparatus.
Database References	HGNC: 1628 OMIM: 158120 KEGG: hsa:929 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000304236 UniGene: PMID: 29795672 a considerable connection of DEFB1 and TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms with nephrolithiasis PMID: 29959006 CD14 C-(260)T polymorphism is not associated with incidence of acute myocardial infarction in Egyptians who showed elevated serum CD14 levels in PMID: 29874995 This study provides better understanding of the mechanisms and disease susceptibility for MIF and CD14 genetic variants and inflammatory miRNAs networks involved in ankylosing spondylitis and polyarthralgia. PMID: 29863307 Childhood-onset and adult-onset of asthma showed significant difference in allergen sensitivity as well as genetic background with respect to CD14 polymorphism. PMID: 29937881 Renal transplant recipients carrying the CD14-159 TT genotype have significantly higher risk of acute rejection and reduced transplant survival rate than patients with heterozygous or wild-type genotypes. PMID: 28411360 The accumulating evidence does not support an association of CD14 SNP rs2569190 with AR risk. [meta-analysis] PMID: 29687183 It seems that CD14 gene polymorphism might be associated with the risk of CAD, whereas COL4A1 gene polymorphism was not found to confer any risk of CAD PMID: 29299748 higher sCD14 levels in HIV-positive women were associated with a more compromised maternal immunological status and to a lower neonatal birthweight, but not to poorer clinical outcomes in the HIV-exposed children PMID: 29323435 The -221G>C polymorphism of MBL2, the -159C>T polymorphism of CD14 and the TNF-857 polymorphism of TNF-a are risk factors for spinal spinal tuberculosis (TB) and may be involved in the development of spinal TB in the Chinese population. These factors are indicators of susceptibility to spinal TB and require clinical attention. PMID: 29298876 genetic variation of CD14, rs5744455, is related to the susceptibility to laryngeal cancer, providing a theoretical basis for the study of the pathogenesis of laryngeal PMID: 29077168 Calcitriol regulates immune genes CD14 and CD180 to modulate LPS responses in human trophoblasts. PMID: 29089453 The findings suggest that smoking and the presence of TNFalpha-308 GA/AA genotypes may increase the risk for peri-implantitis, while CD14-159 polymorphic CT/TT genotypes decrease the risk. PMID: 28906511 Our results demonstrate that the expression of CD163 and CD206 in monocytes is modulated by LPS in vitro; LPS induces CD163 expression and downregulates the spontaneously increased expression of CD206 PMID: 25914252 may be a simple and easy approach to assess by RT-FCM the reaction between NO and superoxide ion in whole blood monocytes..The no-wash, no-lyse staining protocol with CD45-KO and CD14-PB allows to differentiate clearly and to gate in the monocyte population in near-physiological conditions PMID: 25758468 Association of polymorphic markers of chemokine genes, their receptors, and CD14 gene with coronary atherosclerosis PMID: 29369549 data confirm that engineered human cells expressing TLR4, MD2 and CD14 can respond to CMP with NF-kappaB activation and the response can be influenced by variations in CMP-mannosylation PMID: 29281684 hypothesize that CD14(-159C/T) polymorphic variants might be one of genetic components in the response to attenuated M. bovis BCG bacilli PMID: 29281719 Higher sCD14 levels were found in twins with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder compared to their not affected co-twins, and higher sCD14-levels were associated with psychotic symptoms. PMID: 28039552 novel observation that sCD14 compared with lipopolysaccharide binding protein, offers a preferred target to ameliorate TLR especially TLR4-induced inflammation and insulin resistance in human obesity and metabolic syndrome PMID: 26880233 For asthma, there was suggestive evidence of a gene-by-environment interaction for the CD14 variant rs2569190 (Interaction P = 0.16) but not for the TLR4 variants rs4986790 and rs4986791. PMID: 27977294 the simultaneous detection of both plasma sCD14 and IL-6 is a promising diagnostic approach to identify active pulmonary tuberculosis, and further, measurement of TNF-alpha and sCD163 can identify the most severe cases of tuberculosis. PMID: 27591510 the methylation levels in the promoter region of CD14 gene were higher in the Finnish compared to Russian Karelian children PMID: 27434019 Anti-apoA-1 IgG are independent predictors of nonfatal incident coronary artery disease in the general population. The strength of this association is dependent on a functional polymorphism of the CD14 receptor gene, a finding suggesting a gene-autoantibody interaction for the development of CAD. PMID: 29074586 CD14 haplotypes and sCD14 are important mediators of lung function among those with COPD in this occupationally-exposed population. PMID: 28302109 IL-1beta-primed dendritic cells express high levels of CD14 that mediate IL-17 production through direct interaction with T cells. PMID: 27550748 The distribution of the CD14 rs2569190 genotypes and allele frequencies showed significant differences between the test and control groups. Prevalence of the polymorphic TT genotype and T allele of the CD14 rs2569190 were significantly increased in GCP patients when compared with healthy controls PMID: 28829191 Presepsin is significantly higher in preterm infants with early-onset sepsis compared with uninfected infants. PMID: 27925621 Neovascularized atherosclerotic lesions selectively associate with lower blood levels of CD14+ and CD14(high)CD16- monocytes independently of systemic inflammatory activity. PMID: 27751505 CXCR7 mediates CD14(+)CD16(+) monocyte transmigration across the blood brain barrier, and is a potential therapeutic target for neuro AIDS. PMID: 28754798 META-ANALYSIS: association between the -159C/T polymorphism in the promoter region of the CD14 gene and sepsis PMID: 28122493 In LPS-stimulated HEK293 cells with low CD14 and high TLR4, no accumulation of PI(4,5)P2 occurred. With an increasing amount of CD14 and decrease of TLR4, 2 peaks of PI(4,5)P2 appeared, approaching those found in LPS-stimulated cells expressing CD14 alone. This suggests that LPS-induced accumulation of PI(4,5)P2 that maximizes TLR4 signaling is controlled by CD14, whereas TLR4 can fine tune this via PI(4,5)P2 turnover. PMID: 27418354 Intermediate CD14++CD16+monocytes might be closely related to the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation and reflect functional remodelling of the left atrium. PMID: 26826137 In 121 primary sclerosing cholangitis patients, the CD14 -260C>T genotype was associated with development of dominant bile duct strictures (P = 0.02). In 365 liver transplantation patients, TT carriers (4.1%) were protected against the formation of nonanastomotic biliary strictures versus CC/CT patients (12.6%; P = 0.01). PMID: 26970220 response of hPdLSCs to bacterial LPS is strongly augmented by sCD14 PMID: 27504628 analysis of plasma CXCL10, sCD163 and sCD14 in virological suppression and risk of cardiovascular disease PMID: 27355513 TGM2 has a role in macrophage differentiation via mechanisms involving CD14 and SR-AI receptors. PMID: 27378395 we found that higher percentages of circulating CD14+CD204+, CD14+CD163+CD204+ M2-like monocytes were significantly associated with TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and histological differentiation. PMID: 28639912 these results indicate that CD14 is a co-receptor of TLR4 in the S100A9-induced cytokine response. PMID: 27228163 our data showed the contribution on the TLR4+896A/G and CD14-159C/T polymorphism-related immune dysfunction including increased non-classical (inflammatory) monocyte proportion-related LPS hyper-inflammatory response and decreased classical (phagocytic) monocyte proportion-related impaired phagocytosis in febrile acute de-compensated cirrhotic patients complicated with severe sepsis. PMID: 27861595 Plasma presepsin concentrations are associated with the severity of sepsis and its outcome. PMID: 28099244 Presepsin is a valuable new biomarker for defining severe infections in cirrhosis, proving same efficacy as procalcitonin. However, it is not a useful marker of short-term mortality. PMID: 27895404 Patients with CD14 C (-159) T gene polymorphism, a co-receptor of TLR4, have an increased risk of NAFLD development. PMID: 27895422 Single nucleotide polymorphism CD14-159 C/T was linked to greater Atopic dermatitis risk at 2 to 3 years of age. PMID: 27274543 While there was no association with any respiratory phenotype (as determined by symptoms), the CD14 CT/TT genotype appeared to be protective to increased exposure to NO2 and NO PMID: 27142357 CD14 expression is significantly upregulated in human masticatory mucosa during wound healing PMID: 28005267 we report that exogenous CnB is taken up by cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner via clathrin-dependent receptor-mediated internalization. Our findings further confirm that uptake is mediated by the TLR4/MD2 complex together with the co-receptor CD14 PMID: 27090571 Cord blood sCD14 may be a useful biomarker for predicting infant wheeze and prolonged cough by 1 year of age. PMID: 27144407 Presepsin is a valuable biomarker to detect patients with acute pyelonephritis PMID: 27889429 diagnostic accuracy of presepsin (sCD14-ST) as a biomarker of infection and sepsis PMID: 27823951

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.