Recombinant Human C-C Motif Chemokine 21 (CCL21) Protein (GST)

Name: Recombinant Human C-C Motif Chemokine 21 (CCL21) Protein (GST)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-10054P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human C-C Motif Chemokine 21 (CCL21) Protein (GST) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	O00585
Target Symbol	CCL21
Synonyms	6Ckine; Beta chemokine exodus 2; Beta-chemokine exodus-2; C C motif chemokine ligand 21; C-C motif chemokine 21; CCL21; CCL21_HUMAN; Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21; Chemokine CC motif ligand 21; CKb9; ECL; Efficient Chemoattractant for Lymphocytes; SCYA21; Secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine; Secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine; SLC; Small inducible cytokine A21 ; Small inducible cytokine subfamily A (Cys-Cys); member 21; Small-inducible cytokine A21; TCA4; UNQ784/PRO1600
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-GST
Target Protein Sequence	SDGGAQDCCLKYSQRKIPAKVVRSYRKQEPSLGCSIPAILFLPRKRSQAELCADPKELWVQQLMQHLDKTPSPQKPAQGCRKDRGASKTGKKGKGSKGCKRTERSQTPKGP
Expression Range	24-134aa
Protein Length	Full Length of Mature Protein
Mol. Weight	39.3kDa
Research Area	Immunology
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Inhibits hemopoiesis and stimulates chemotaxis. Chemotactic in vitro for thymocytes and activated T-cells, but not for B-cells, macrophages, or neutrophils. Shows preferential activity towards naive T-cells. May play a role in mediating homing of lymphocytes to secondary lymphoid organs. Binds to atypical chemokine receptor ACKR4 and mediates the recruitment of beta-arrestin (ARRB1/2) to ACKR4.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	Intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family
Database References	HGNC: 10620 OMIM: 602737 KEGG: hsa:6366 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000259607 UniGene: PMID: 28534984 Significant associations between the CCL21 rs2812378 G;A polymorphism and rheumatoid arthritis risk were observed in the total population, as well as in subgroup Caucasian population. PMID: 28799100 Low CCL21 expression was a potential independent adverse prognostic biomarker for overall survival and progression-free survival for metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients treated with targeted therapy. PMID: 27783999 these results demonstrated that CCL21/CCR7 may activate EMT in lung cancer cells via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. PMID: 28487957 CCL21/CCR7 interaction was shown to allow NK cell adhesion to endothelial cells (ECs) and its reduction by hypoxia. PMID: 28416768 These data show that CCR7-CCL19/CCL21 axis facilitates retention CD4(+) T lymphocytes at the site of collateral artery remodeling, which is essential for effective arteriogenesis. PMID: 28275068 CCL21 correlated significantly with Bladder Pain Syndrome: gene expression in bladder biopsies of patients with Bladder Pain Syndrome was increased in the patients and correlated with clinical profiles. PMID: 26965559 CCL21/IL21-armed oncolytic adenovirus enhances antitumor activity against TERT-positive tumor cells. PMID: 27157859 plasmin cleaves surface-bound CCL21 to release the C-terminal peptide responsible for CCL21 binding to glycosaminoglycans on the extracellular matrix and cell surfaces, thereby generating the soluble form. PMID: 27301418 the white pulp regions of ME7-infected spleens were smaller, and contained markedly diminished T zones, as compared to control spleens. Although lymphoid tissue inducer cells were not affected, the expression of both CCL19 and CCL21 was decreased. PMID: 27021907 Taken together, these results suggest that SERCA2 contributes to the migration of CCL21-activated Dendritic Cells as an important feature of the adaptive immune response and provide novel insights regarding the role of SERCA2 in Dendritic Cells functions. PMID: 27538371 An expanded lymphatic network is capable of enhanced chemoattractant CCL21 production, and lymphangiogenesis will facilitate initial lymph formation favoring increased clearance of fluid in situations of augmented fluid filtration. PMID: 28935759 Results provide evidence for an association between an increase level of CCL21 and IP-10 in the blood and pulmonary involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. PMID: 27614982 Gata1-KO(DC) DCs have reduced polysialic acid levels on their surface, which is a known determinant for the proper migration of DCs toward CCL21. PMID: 27815426 CCL21 and CXCL13 levels are increased in the minor salivary glands of patients with Sjogren's syndrome. PMID: 27782867 CCL21/CCR7 interaction contributes to the time-dependent proliferation of PTC cells by upregulating cyclin A, cyclin B1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) expression via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway associated with iodine. PMID: 27574129 CCL21 can facilitate chemoresistance and stem cell property of colorectal cancer cells via the upregulation of P-gp, Bmi-1, Nanog, and OCT-4 through AKT/GSK-3beta/Snail signals. PMID: 27057280 CCL21/CCR7 induce VEGF-D up-regulation and promote lymphangiogenesis via ERK/Akt pathway in lung cancer. PMID: 26884842 Our findings suggested that MUC1 plays an important role in CCL21-CCR7-induced lymphatic metastasis and may serve as a therapeutic target in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma . PMID: 26667143 TGF-beta1 promoted CCL21 expression in lymphatic endothelial cells. CCL21 acted in a paracrine fashion to mediate chemotactic migration of EMT cells toward lymphatic endothelial cells. PMID: 25961925 increased expression in mononuclear inflammatory cells isolated from the brain during active stage of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis PMID: 25957582 The chemotactic interaction between CCR7 and its ligand, CCL21, may be a critical event during progression in pancreatic cancer PMID: 21594558 CCL21 gene SNP (rs951005) might confer genetic predisposition to polymyositis patients or such patients with interstitial lung disease in a Chinese Han population. PMID: 26320593 over-expression of CCL21 could increased the expressions of antigen presentation-related genes in CK8/18 TECs in MG patients PMID: 26146068 Priming by CCL21 restricts lateral mobility of the adhesion receptor LFA-1 and restores adhesion to ICAM-1 nanoaggregates on human mature dendritic cells. PMID: 24945611 CCL21/CCR7 pathway activates signallings to up-regulate Slug pathway, leading to the occurrence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition process in human chondrosarcoma PMID: 25556164 These results reveal that CCR7 and VEGF-C display a significant crosstalk and suggest a novel role of the CCL21/CCR7 chemokine axis in the promotion of breast cancer-induced lymphangiogenesis. PMID: 25744065 CCL21 promotes the metastasis of pancreatic cancer via epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PMID: 25575049 Modulation of the chemokines CCL19 and CCL21 represents a potent immunoregulatory treatment approach, and thus represents a novel therapeutic target to stabilize atherosclerotic lesions. PMID: 25473269 CCL21/CCR7 interactions might be involved in the response to pressure overload secondary to aortic stenosis. PMID: 25398010 CCL21 and CCL19 were significantly increased in serum from ankylosing spondylitis patients. PMID: 25260647 overexpressed in myasthenia gravis thymus PMID: 24393484 Studied expression of CCR7 and EMT markers in the primary breast carcinoma tissues from patients who underwent radical mastectomy. and investigated whether CCL21/CCR7 induces EMT process during mediating cancer cell invasion or migration in vitro. PMID: 25142946 CCL21 was shown to be involved in the induction of ulcerative colitis. Suppression of CCL21 expression decreased damage induced from ulcerative colitis, indicating that CCL21 targeted therapy might be an effective treatment for this disease PMID: 24841666 CCL21 rs2812377 was associated with coronary artery disease in a Chinese Han population. PMID: 24990231 CCL21 is an antimicrobial protein with bacteriocidal activity against E. coli and S. aureus. PMID: 12949249 Although CCL21 levels are elevated, no CCL21-positive cells are observed in patients with eosinophilic pneumonia. PMID: 24111618 CCL21 expression was increased in hyperplastic myasthenia gravis thymuses. PMID: 24556356 these data suggested an important role of the lymphoid-endothelium-associated chemokine, CCL21, on dendritic cells in the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes responses. PMID: 24383579 Elevated serum CCL21 correlates with opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome severity and duration in pediatric opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. PMID: 23764550 CCL21 expression was found to be an independent prognostic biomarker for CRC. PMID: 23760102 In amnion epithelial cells exposed to zinc ferrite nanoparticles there is an increase in CCL21 activation; in situ nanoparticles induce oxidative stress, alterations in cellular membrane and DNA strand breaks. PMID: 24035972 Results suggest that the CCL21/CCR7 signaling pathway is involved in renal fibrosis in kidney transplant patients. PMID: 23498789 CCL21 attenuates HSV-induced inflammation through up-regulation of CD8+ memory cells. PMID: 22884357 CCL21 is a mediator of rheumatoid arthritis angiogenesis. PMID: 22392503 oxLDL induces an in vitro downregulation of CCR7 and CCL21, which may play a role in the reduction of dendritic cell migration from the plaques PMID: 22619482 High serum levels of CCL21 are independently associated with mortality in chronic and acute post-myocardial infarction heart failure. PMID: 22427939 CCL21/CCR7 prevents apoptosis by upregulating the expression of bcl-2 and by downregulating the expression of bax and caspase-3 potentially via the ERK pathway in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines PMID: 22438908 CCL21 was more localized to chondrocytes and meniscal cells during the development of osteoarthritis in mice. PMID: 21972019 CCL21 structure solved by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) contains a conserved chemokine domain followed by an extended, unstructured C-terminus that is not typical of most other chemokines. PMID: 22221265

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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