Recombinant Human C-C Chemokine Receptor Type 4 (CCR4) Protein (His), Active

Name: Recombinant Human C-C Chemokine Receptor Type 4 (CCR4) Protein (His), Active
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-05656P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Activity Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized Human CCR4 at 5 μg/ml can bind Anti-CCR4 recombinant antibody, the EC 50 is 7.818-21.25 ng/mL.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human C-C Chemokine Receptor Type 4 (CCR4) Protein (His), Active is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Activity	Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized Human CCR4 at 5 μg/mL can bind Anti-CCR4 recombinant antibody, the EC 50 is 7.818-21.25 ng/mL.
Uniprotkb	P51679
Target Symbol	CCR4
Synonyms	CCR4; CMKBR4; C-C chemokine receptor type 4; C-C CKR-4; CC-CKR-4; CCR-4; CCR4; K5-5; CD antigen CD194
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	in vitro E.coli expression system
Tag	N-10His
Target Protein Sequence	MNPTDIADTTLDESIYSNYYLYESIPKPCTKEGIKAFGELFLPPLYSLVFVFGLLGNSVVVLVLFKYKRLRSMTDVYLLNLAISDLLFVFSLPFWGYYAADQWVFGLGLCKMISWMYLVGFYSGIFFVMLMSIDRYLAIVHAVFSLRARTLTYGVITSLATWSVAVFASLPGFLFSTCYTERNHTYCKTKYSLNSTTWKVLSSLEINILGLVIPLGIMLFCYSMIIRTLQHCKNEKKNKAVKMIFAVVVLFLGFWTPYNIVLFLETLVELEVLQDCTFERYLDYAIQATETLAFVHCCLNPIIYFFLGEKFRKYILQLFKTCRGLFVLCQYCGLLQIYSADTPSSSYTQSTMDHDLHDAL
Expression Range	1-360aa
Protein Length	Full Length
Mol. Weight	44.9 kDa
Research Area	Others
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	High affinity receptor for the C-C type chemokines CCL17/TARC, CCL22/MDC and CKLF isoform 1/CKLF1. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G(i) proteins which activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Can function as a chemoattractant homing receptor on circulating memory lymphocytes and as a coreceptor for some primary HIV-2 isolates. In the CNS, could mediate hippocampal-neuron survival.
Subcellular Location	Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
Protein Families	G-protein coupled receptor 1 family
Database References	HGNC: 1605 OMIM: 604836 KEGG: hsa:1233 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000332659 UniGene: PMID: 28869080 This review presents key clinical studies of Multiple sclerosis together with experimental studies in animals that have demonstrated functional roles of CCR4, CCL17, and CCL22 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis pathogenesis. [review] PMID: 29099057 Taken together, our data showed a likely positive feedback mechanism of enhanced IL-6 production in ectopic milieu. The high levels of IL-6 in the peritoneal cavity stimulate the expression of CCL17 in endometrial stromal cells by activating JNK signal pathway, and then, CCL17 further induces CCR4 expression on macrophages, which eventually leads to an increase in IL-6 production via NF-kappaB activation. PMID: 28240436 Investigations showed that the level of CCR4 could be induced by TNF-alpha dependent of NF-kappaB activation in CRC cells. CCR4 might be implicated in TNF-alpha-regulated cancer cells metastasis. PMID: 27356745 Tumor-associated macrophages promote prostate cancer migration through activation of the CCL22-CCR4 signaling axis. PMID: 28039457 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), an endogenous CCR4-binding ligand, was specifically upregulated in the head and neck squamous cell carcinomamicroenvironment compared to the other four CCR4-binding ligands PMID: 27177223 A CCR4 antagonist reverses the tumor-promoting microenvironment of renal cancer PMID: 28134623 The percentage of CXCR3(+) CD4(+) TEM cells negatively correlated with the severity of the cutaneous disease in psoriasis patients. Importantly CLA(+) CD4(+) TCM cells expressing CCR6(+) or CCR4(+)CXCR3(+) negatively correlated with psoriasis severity suggesting recruitment to the skin compartment. PMID: 28392462 Case Report: CCR4+ T-cell depletion by mogamulizumab treatment of adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma results in CD8-positive T-cell mediated dermatitis. PMID: 27786349 CCL22-specific antibodies reveal that engagement of two distinct binding domains on CCL22 is required for CCR4-mediated function. PMID: 26683175 CCR4 mutation is an important determinant of the clinical course in ATLL cases, and that NS and FS mutations of CCR4 behave differently with respect to ATLL pathophysiology. PMID: 26847489 Distinctive Treg associated CCR4-CCL22 expression profile with altered frequency of Th17/Treg cell in the immunopathogenesis of Pemphigus Vulgaris. PMID: 26093920 Data show that CCR4 was over-expressed in lymph node-negative human gastric cancer tissues and suggest its involvement in promoting tumor invasion probably, through up-regulation of MMP9. PMID: 25790118 CCR4 C1014T and CCL22 C16A genetic variations were neither associated with the risk, nor with the progression of colorectal cancer in Iranian population PMID: 25148803 Higher percentages of CCR4+ CD4 TEM cells in acute RSV infection were accompanied with higher percentages of CXCR3+ CD8 TEM cells, whereas the development of long-lived memory CXCR3+ CD4 and CD8 TCM cells seems to be compromised PMID: 25013801 These findings implicate somatic gain-of-function CCR4 mutations in the pathogenesis of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma. PMID: 25488980 CCR4 has a role in tumor aggressive behavior in renal cell carcinoma PMID: 24554520 Data show that CCR4 exists in at least two distinct conformations, which are differentially activated by ligand. PMID: 24563252 CCR4 mediates CCL17 induced cell migration via increased total RhoA and active RhoA protein levels in colon cancer cells. PMID: 23649168 Anti-CCR4 monoclonal antibody treatment is instrumental for evoking and augmenting antitumor immunity in cancer patients by selectively depleting eTreg cells. PMID: 24127572 Authors identify an evolutionarily conserved C-terminal motif in human TTP that directly binds a central domain of CNOT1, a core subunit of the CCR4-NOT complex. PMID: 23644599 lymph node metastasis of CCR4(+) HNSCC is promoted by CCL22 in an autocrine or M2-like macrophage-dependent paracrine manner. PMID: 23180648 CCR4+ memory T-cell frequency is increased in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis with polyangiitis. PMID: 22490506 CCR4-, CCR5-, CXCR3-, and selectin ligand-expressing CD4+ T cells preferentially accumulate in the joints of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. PMID: 21739422 A high amino acid charge of the envelope glycoprotein 120 V3 region is important for binding to host CXCR4 receptor. PMID: 21525208 aberrant expression of CCR4 in human gastric cancer could contribute to tumor-induced immunosuppression. PMID: 21443538 Lymphocyte CCR4 expression is closely associated with induction of human allergen-induced late nasal responses. PMID: 20148806 high-level lineage-independent induction of CCR4 can occur following T-cell activation without accessibility-associated changes in histone H3, but that without such changes expression is transient rather than persistent. PMID: 20963786 We suggest that CCR4 and CCR6 expression on CD4(+) T cells should be considered as markers of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. PMID: 20334681 CD4+CD25high Treg cells of Wegener granulomatosis-patients exhibited decreased numbers of cells co-expressing FoxP3 and CCR4 PMID: 20412707 CCR4 might play a role in allergen-driven T helper type (Th)2 cell accumulation in asthmatic airways. PMID: 20237293 CCR4 ligands secreted by dendritic cells recruit regulatory T cells (Tregs) to sites of inflammation in patients with autoimmune and chronic hepatitis. PMID: 20164417 Data show that MDC/CCL22 is present in the synovial membrane of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients and in synovial fluid of patients with RA and PsA, which would enable migration of CCR4 expressing memory cells. PMID: 19942450 Data show that TH treatment promoted rapid and sustained hCCR4 recruitment to the TH-responsive deiodinase 1 promoter and TR co-localizes with hCCR4 in the nucleus and interacts with hCCR4 in 2-hybrid and pull-down assays. PMID: 19903885 CCR4 is expressed with high frequency in adult T-cell leukemia and human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-transformed T cells and in ATL skin lesions. PMID: 11861261 CCR4 is mainly expressed by a high cytokine (interleukin-4/interleukin-2)-producing (CD4) subset of natural killer t-cells. PMID: 12070001 The skin-homing TH compartment is itself divided into distinct subpopulations, the smaller of which expresses both CCR4 and CCR10, and the larger of which expresses only CCR4. PMID: 12406880 CCR4+ cells were present predominantly in the lesional skin of atopic dermatitis patients, but not in the non-lesional skin PMID: 12456591 In the blood of cutaneous T cell lymphoma patients with peripheral blood involvement we found significantly increased percentages of T cells displaying the skin-homing phenotype (CLA+CCR4+) compared with healthy individuals. PMID: 12485447 Increased expression of CCR4, which is proposed to guide CD25(+) Ts cells to DC, is an intrinsic feature of CD25(+) Ts cells. PMID: 12778466 airway allergen-specific T(H)2 cells are CCR4(+), but in the atopic child CCR4 does not distinguish between recall antigen and allergen specificity PMID: 14657875 although there is PI(3,4,5)P(3) accumulation downstream of CCR4, phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity is a dispensable signal for CCR4-stimulated chemotaxis of Th2 cells and the CEM T cell line. PMID: 15187160 CXCR3 and CCR4 were heterogeneously expressed in peripheral T-cell lymphomas. PMID: 15328188 CC chemokine receptor 4 has a role in adult T-Cell leukemia/lymphoma PMID: 15569983 review of possible relationship of CCR4 role in T cell migration and skin infiltration in ATL, and of selective expression of CCR4 by Th2 and regulatory T cells and possible origin of ATL in Th2 or regulatory T cells. PMID: 15621800 CCR4 and TARC/CCL17 play role in pathophysiology of cutaneous lupus erythematosus(CLE). Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells expressing CCR4 appear to be involved in scarring subtypes of CLE. PMID: 15955100 CCR4 and CCR10 may play an important role in ATLL invasion into the skin PMID: 17071491 Bexarotene reduces CCR4-positive lymphocytes. PMID: 17546636 aberrantly expressed Fra-2 in association with JunD may play a major role in CCR4 expression and oncogenesis in adult T-cell leukemia. PMID: 18071306 CCR4 and CCR10 are expressed on epidermal keratinocytes and that both are functional in terms of skin cytokine production and/or migration to their ligand CCL17 and CCL27, respectively. PMID: 18782672

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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