Recombinant Human Arginase-2, Mitochondrial (ARG2) Protein (GST)

Name: Recombinant Human Arginase-2, Mitochondrial (ARG2) Protein (GST)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-09318P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: All products, High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Arginase-2, Mitochondrial (ARG2) Protein (GST) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P78540
Target Symbol	ARG2
Synonyms	ARG2; ARGI2_HUMAN; Arginase II mitochondrial ; Arginase type II; Arginase-2; arginase-2, mitochondrial; Kidney arginase; Kidney type arginase ; Kidney-type arginase; L arginine amidinohydrolase; L arginine ureahydrolase; mitochondrial; Non hepatic arginase; Non-hepatic arginase; Nonhepatic arginase; Type II arginase
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-GST
Target Protein Sequence	MSLRGSLSRLLQTRVHSILKKSVHSVAVIGAPFSQGQKRKGVEHGPAAIREAGLMKRLSSLGCHLKDFGDLSFTPVPKDDLYNNLIVNPRSVGLANQELAEVVSRAVSDGYSCVTLGGDHSLAIGTISGHARHCPDLCVVWVDAHADINTPLTTSSGNLHGQPVSFLLRELQDKVPQLPGFSWIKPCISSASIVYIGLRDVDPPEHFILKNYDIQYFSMRDIDRLGIQKVMERTFDLLIGKRQRPIHLSFDIDAFDPTLAPATGTPVVGGLTYREGMYIAEEIHNTGLLSALDLVEVNPQLATSEEEAKTTANLAVDVIASSFGQTREGGHIVYDQLPTPSSPDESENQARVRI
Expression Range	1-354aa
Protein Length	Full Length
Mol. Weight	63.1kDa
Research Area	Signal Transduction
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	May play a role in the regulation of extra-urea cycle arginine metabolism and also in down-regulation of nitric oxide synthesis. Extrahepatic arginase functions to regulate L-arginine bioavailability to nitric oxid synthase (NOS). Arginine metabolism is a critical regulator of innate and adaptive immune responses. Seems to be involved in negative regulation of the survival capacity of activated CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. May suppress inflammation-related signaling in asthmatic airway epithelium. May contribute to the immune evasion of H.pylori by restricting M1 macrophage activation and polyamine metabolism. In fetal dendritic cells may play a role in promoting immune suppression and T cell TNF-alpha production during gestation. Regulates RPS6KB1 signaling, which promotes endothelial cell senescence and inflammation and implicates NOS3/eNOS dysfunction. Can inhibit endothelial autophagy independently of its enzymatic activity implicating mTORC2 signaling. Involved in vascular smooth muscle cell senescence and apoptosis independently of its enzymatic activity. Since NOS is found in the penile corpus cavernosum smooth muscle, the clitoral corpus cavernosum and the vagina, arginase-2 plays a role in both male and female sexual arousal.
Subcellular Location	Mitochondrion.
Protein Families	Arginase family
Database References	HGNC: 664 OMIM: 107830 KEGG: hsa:384 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000261783 UniGene: PMID: 28627081 ARG2 promotes tumorigenesis, and HCMV may contribute to GBM pathogenesis by upregulating ARG2. PMID: 27363017 fetal dendritic cells promote prenatal T-cell immune suppression through arginase-2; results reveal a previously unappreciated role of dendritic cells within the developing fetus and indicate that they mediate homeostatic immune-suppressive responses during gestation PMID: 28614294 Schizophrenia patients had increased arginase II protein expression in the frontal cortex compared to controls. PMID: 27529679 our data provide compelling evidence that human cytomegalovirus reduced the level of microRNA-613 which functions as an anti-onco-miRNA in glioblastoma, primarily by downregulating the expression of arginase-2 PMID: 28718378 overexpression of AMPK induced arginase II protein expression and viable cells numbers in human Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell . PMID: 28213467 Data show that transfection with Arginase II-small interfering RNA prevented hypoxia-induced cell proliferation. PMID: 27475813 circulating Arginase 2 concentrations increase in clinical erectile dysfunction (ED) and are associated with increased risk for ED PMID: 26537638 arginase 2 impairs endothelial autophagy independently of the L-arginine ureahydrolase activity through activation of RPS6KB1 and inhibition of PRKAA, which is implicated in atherogenesis PMID: 25484082 High arginase II expression correlates with poor survival for patients with neuroblastoma. Neuroblastoma suppresses T-cell proliferation via arginase II expression and activity. PMID: 26054597 high fat diet enhanced arginase-II expression/activity and p38mapk activity, which was associated with eNOS-uncoupling as revealed by decreased nitric oxide PMID: 25034973 Arg-II, p38, and S6K1 form a positive circuit which regulates endothelial senescence and cardiovascular aging. PMID: 25635535 OxLDL triggers retrograde translocation of arginase2 in aortic endothelial cells via ROCK and mitochondrial processing peptidase. PMID: 24903103 These results demonstrate that S6K1 and arginase-II form a positive circuit mediating the detrimental effects of chronic L-arginine supplementation on endothelial cells. PMID: 24860943 We speculate that cytomegalovirus may contribute to endothelial dysfunction via ARG II induction and reduced eNOS production. PMID: 24442486 study identified arginase II as a new target of miR-17-5p in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (hPASMC), with miR-17-5p involved in the hypoxic induction of arginase II in hPASMC; also found evidence supporting a feedback loop between arginase II and miR-17-5p, such that arginase II regulates miR-17-5p expression in hPASMC PMID: 24879052 Data indicate that arginase II (Arg II) expressions were higher in breast tumor tissues compared to the matched normal. PMID: 24223914 HDAC2 is a critical regulator of Arg2 expression and thereby endothelial nitric oxide and endothelial function. PMID: 24833798 Arg-II promotes mitochondrial dysfunction leading to VSMC senescence/apoptosis through complex positive crosstalk among S6K1-JNK, ERK, p66Shc, and p53, contributing to atherosclerotic vulnerability phenotype. PMID: 23832324 Maternal hypercholesterolemia in pregnancy alters umbilical vein reactivity because of fetal endothelial dysfunction associated with arginase and eNOS signaling imbalance. PMID: 23950140 Gene expression studies have identified altered expression of arginase 2 in suicide completers with a history of mood disorders. PMID: 23260169 presence of ARG2-expressing CAFs is an indicator of poor prognosis, as well as hypoxia, in pancreatic ductal carcinoma PMID: 23424623 Endothelial eNOS/arginase imbalance contributes to vascular dysfunction in IUGR umbilical and placental vessels. PMID: 23122700 arginase-II (ARG2) was expressed by 60 percent of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas; the absence of ARG2 expression was significantly associated with prolonged overall survival PMID: 22815199 The inhibition of arginase II protein was found to be mediated by exchange protein directly activated by cAMP. PMID: 22447968 This study demomistrated that H3K4me3 modification plays an important role in up regulation of ARG2 in prefrontal cortex. PMID: 22008221 Data suggest that exposure to particulate matter (i.e., air pollutants) upregulates arginase II (but not arginase I) activity and expression in bronchial epithelial cells, in part, via epidermal growth factor-dependent signaling. PMID: 22712848 DDIT3, STT3A, ARG2 and FAM129A immunohistochemistry does not appear to be useful in the diagnosis of thyroid follicular neoplasias, as they do not reliably distinguish follicular thyroid carcinoma from follicular thyroid adenoma. PMID: 22157935 has a vascular role in placental vessels counteracting the NOS-dependent relaxation PMID: 22391327 Sequence variations in the NOS2A and ARG2 loci were globally associated with exhaled nitric oxide PMID: 21039601 Delineate a clearer path from OxLDL through the endothelial cell LOX-1 receptor, RhoA, and ROCK, to the activation of arginase II, downregulation of NO, and vascular dysfunction in atherosclerosis. PMID: 21130456 gene silencing changed promotes apoptosis and reduced expression of cell proliferation markers in thyroid cancer cells PMID: 20542107 In human lung microvascular endothelial cells, hypoxia upregulates arginase activity as well as mRNA and protein levels of arginase II. Inhibition of arginase II by small interfering RNA or by the inhibitor BEC enhanced NO levels. PMID: 20861464 The alteration of arginase activity between colostrum and mature milk may be a consequence of the transfer of arginase from the blood of the breast mother mammary glands into the colostrum and mature milk PMID: 20853600 Arginase contributes significantly to L-proline supply for collagen synthesis in rat fibroblasts, in which arginase I is the predominant isoenzyme, but not in human fibroblasts, in which arginase II is the only isoenzyme expressed PMID: 20107769 Association of ARG2 gene polymorphism is present in adult asthma, has lower reversibility specific with beta2 agonists. It is also associated with asthma severity, severe airway hyperresponsiveness, and less long-term response to inhaled corticosteroids. PMID: 20124949 There was an overexpression of arginase II in anorexia nervosa patients. PMID: 20071203 [Review] Arginase is constitutively expressed in endothelial cells, but expression of the specific isoforms differs among mammalian species. Although some arginase I has been detected in human endothelial cells, the predominant isoform is arginase II. PMID: 19508396 Plays a physiological role in male and female sexual arousal PMID: 12859189 Increased arginase II expression and activity in pulmonary arterial hypertension. PMID: 15364894 ArgII gene is an early IRF-3-regulated gene, which participates in the interferon-independent antiviral response through polyamine production and induction of apoptosis. PMID: 15955070 The Asn149-->Asp mutation is proposed to generate a conformational change responsible for the altered substrate specificity of arginase II. PMID: 16128822 Increasing L-Arg for NO synthesis by either arginase inhibition or direct L-Arg supplementation restores the age-related deficit in reflex cutaneous vasodilatation. PMID: 16675494 observed in both cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts PMID: 16720041 Increased arginase II expression & activity suggest a potential pathogenic role for platelet arginase and altered arginine and polyamine metabolism in sickle cell disease. PMID: 17353439 arginase II expression may play a role in prostate cancer progression PMID: 18202758 Cocoa flavonols lower ARG2 activity in endothelial cells in vitro and erythrocytes in vov. PMID: 18348861 ARG2 is expressed in lung cancer, but it does not induce tumor immune escape and does not affect disease progression, most probably due to the lack of concomitant NOS expression. PMID: 18528866 siRNA silencing of arginase-II but did not inhibit the up-regulation of endothelial VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin by TNFalpha PMID: 19284655

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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