Recombinant Human AKR1C4 Protein (N-6His)

Name: Recombinant Human AKR1C4 Protein (N-6His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-1477NP
Availability: InStock

BL-1477NP: Greater than 90% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C4 is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Met1-Tyr323 is expressed with a 6His tag at the N-terminus.
Accession	P17516
Synonym	Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C4; 3-Alpha-HSD1; 3-Alpha-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type I; Chlordecone Reductase; CDR; Dihydrodiol Dehydrogenase 4; DD-4; DD4; HAKRA; AKR1C4; CHDR
Gene Background	Aldo-Keto Reductase 1C4/AKR1C4 is a member of the aldo/keto reductase family that consists of more than 40 known enzymes and proteins. AKR1C4 has highly expressed in Liver. It can catalyzes the bioreduction of chlordecone, a toxic organochlorine pesticide, to chlordecone alcohol in liver. AKR1C4 catalyzes the transformation of the potent androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) into the less active form, 5-α-Androstan-3-α,17-β-diol (3-α-diol). In addition, AKR1C4 also has some 20-α-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase activity.
Molecular Mass	39.3 KDa
Apmol Mass	35-40 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Supplied as a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20mM Tris-HCl, 150mM NaCl, pH 8.0.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution
Storage	Store at ≤-70°C, stable for 6 months after receipt. Store at ≤-70°C, stable for 3 months under sterile conditions after opening. Please minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Shipping	The product is shipped on dry ice/polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Cytosolic aldo-keto reductase that catalyzes the NADH and NADPH-dependent reduction of ketosteroids to hydroxysteroids. Liver specific enzyme that acts as NAD(P)(H)-dependent 3-, 17- and 20-ketosteroid reductase on the steroid nucleus and side chain. Displays the ability to catalyze both oxidation and reduction in vitro, but most probably acts as a reductase in vivo since the oxidase activity measured in vitro is inhibited by physiological concentration of NADPH. Acts preferentially as a 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) with a subsidiary 3-beta-HSD activity. Catalyzes efficiently the transformation of the potent androgen 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5alpha-DHT or 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one) into the less active form, 5-alpha-androstan-3-alpha,17-beta-diol (3-alpha-diol). Catalyzes the reduction of estrone into 17beta-estradiol but with low efficiency. Metabolizes a broad spectrum of natural and synthetic therapeutic steroid and plays an important role in metabolism of androgens, estrogens, progestereone and conjugated steroids. Catalyzes the biotransformation of the pesticide chlordecone (kepone) to its corresponding alcohol leading to increased biliary excretion of the pesticide and concomitant reduction of its neurotoxicity since bile is the major excretory route.
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm, cytosol.
Protein Families	Aldo/keto reductase family
Database References	HGNC: 387 OMIM: 600451 KEGG: hsa:1109 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000263126 UniGene: PMID: 28259989 Studies indicate that mutations in aldo-keto reductase family 1 (AKR1) enzymes AKR1C1 and AKR1C4 are responsible for sexual development dysgenesis and mutations in AKR1D1 are causative in bile-acid deficiency. PMID: 24189185 In women only, SNPs in AKR1C4 reduced the likelihood of having exhibited paranoid ideation by circa 60%. PMID: 22356824 Low progesterone levels and a cystine to serine change at position 145 in AKR1C4 gene are associated with manic/hypomanic irritability in males PMID: 21570127 role of AKR1C4 in the metabolism of testosterone and progesterone via the 5beta-reductase pathway. PMID: 21521174 Taken together, we conclude that the cell-type-specific expression of DD4 mRNA is regulated by vHNF-1-C. PMID: 12220531 the expression level of DD4 mRNA is cooperatively regulated by the amounts of HNF-1 alpha, HNF-4 alpha and HNF-4 gamma. PMID: 12544512 Impact of mirtazapine on the activity of a key neurosteroidogenic enzyme, the 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3alpha-HSD), and on the levels of neuroactive steroids in relation to clinical response in depression. PMID: 16344854 Structure determination of human AKR1C4 and homology modelling of AKR1D1 followed by docking experiments were used to explore active site geometries. PMID: 19013211

FAQs

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.