Recombinant Human AIF1 Protein (C-6His)

Name: Recombinant Human AIF1 Protein (C-6His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-0842NP
Availability: InStock

BL-0842NP: Greater than 90% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Ser2-Pro147 is expressed with a 6His tag at the C-terminus.
Accession	P55008
Synonym	Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1; AIF-1; Ionized Calcium-Binding Adapter Molecule 1; Protein G1; AIF1; G1; IBA1
Gene Background	Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1) contains two EF-hand domains and exists as a homodimer. AIF1 can be detected in T-lymphocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. AIF1 functions as actin-binding protein that enhances membrane ruffling and RAC activation and can enhance the actin-bundling activity of LCP1. In addition, AIF1 plays a role in RAC signaling and in phagocytosis and may also in macrophage activation and function. AIF1 promotes the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and of T-lymphocytes and plays a role in vascular inflammation.
Molecular Mass	17.7 KDa
Apmol Mass	16 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening. Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Actin-binding protein that enhances membrane ruffling and RAC activation. Enhances the actin-bundling activity of LCP1. Binds calcium. Plays a role in RAC signaling and in phagocytosis. May play a role in macrophage activation and function. Promotes the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and of T-lymphocytes. Enhances lymphocyte migration. Plays a role in vascular inflammation.
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cell projection, ruffle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Cell projection, phagocytic cup.
Database References	HGNC: 352 OMIM: 601833 KEGG: hsa:199 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000365227 UniGene: PMID: 30188879 It may be speculated that Iba-1 protein besides its major function (involvement in phagocytosis) can perform the role of a transcriptional factor. PMID: 30136808 This study shown the AIF1 expression in Microglia and Astrocytes in stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Lewy body dementia. PMID: 28398520 involved in the immunological process underlying rheumatoid arthritis PMID: 26585362 Using double labeling with Iba-1 and cd68 could determine the physiological state of microglia in brain contusion based on their morphology and immunoreactivity. PMID: 27442380 The results of our study suggest that the AIF1 gene polymorphisms have no influence on long-term kidney allograft function. PMID: 26324213 Data showed that AIF-1 promoted the proliferation of HepG2 cells by accelerating the activation of IGF-1R and its downstream signaling pathway, which confirms that AIF-1 plays a crucial role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. PMID: 25998745 AIF-1 functions as a tumor suppressor possibly by regulating beta-catenin in gastric cancer. the level of AIF-1 expression may serve as a protective prognostic indicator for gastric cancer. PMID: 24337893 AIF-1, which induced chemokines and enhanced chemotaxis of monocytes, may represent a molecular target for the therapy of immune-inflammatory disorders PMID: 24796669 The results of this study suggest a lack of association between AIF-1 gene polymorphisms and response to sulphasalazine treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. PMID: 25026748 The results of this study suggest that the patients with the rs2259571 CC AIF1 genotype have a poorer response to therapy with Methotrexate. PMID: 24018427 We are unable to find statistically significant association between COX-2 and AIF-1 gene polymorphisms and allograft survival. PMID: 23777936 The overexpressed AIF-1, the novel inflammatory polypeptide derived from macrophage lineages, is closely associated with atherogenesis via affecting the blood composition and promoting macrophage uptake and foam cell formation. PMID: 23867161 AIF-1 can protect rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes from apoptosis induced by NO by upregulating the expression of p-Akt and p-BAD. PMID: 23547889 daintain/AIF-1 reinforced the resistance of breast cancer cells to cisplatin by inhibition of cell apoptosis and reduction of intracellular cisplatin accumulation PMID: 23221708 Serum AIF-1 concentration correlated with albuminuria and eGFR in patients with type 2 diabetes and it could be a marker of diabetic nephropathy as well as activated macrophages. PMID: 22560794 Our results suggest that the AIF1 rs2259571 CC genotype is associated with the active form of RA. PMID: 22106834 The serum AIF-1 concentrations were positively correlated with levels of fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, triglycerides, and uric acid, and with waist circumference and BMI, and were inversely correlated with HDL cholesterol levels. PMID: 22225958 Overexpression of AIF-1 stimulates migration and proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells, whereas IRT-1 exerts opposite effects. PMID: 22116621 Our data suggest that SNPs in or near the AIF1 locus contribute to obesity risk in the Greek population. PMID: 21720444 daintain/AIF-1 activates p38 MAPK signaling pathway contributing to up-regulation of TNF-alpha in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. PMID: 21509525 AIF-1 shows promise that it can be a potential biomarker for cardiac allograft rejection. PMID: 20850992 data demonstrated that expression profiles of AIF-1 and TLR-2 correlated with biopsy-proven allograft rejection in both peripheral blood and local tissue, suggesting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of allograft rejection PMID: 21168672 AIF-1 can induce IL-6 secretion on mononuclear cells and fibroblast chemotaxis. AIF-1 may accordingly provide an attractive new target for antifibrotic therapy in SSc as well as Scl GVHD. PMID: 21040744 findings suggest that the impact of AIF-1 on endothelial cells would stimulate angiogenesis and consequently affect the progression of infantile hemangiomas PMID: 19745784 AIF-1 binds and polymerizes F actin and also regulates Rac1 activity and vascular smooth muscle migration PMID: 12714565 more AIF-1 immunoreactive macrophages/microglial cells and, interestingly, neurones were observed in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease patients PMID: 12887599 AIF-1 enhances VSMC growth by autocrine production of G-CSF, and AIF-1 expression may influence VSMC-inflammatory cell communication. PMID: 15117732 Genomic rearrangement of AIF1 in arteriosclerosis was studied. PMID: 15784173 The ability of AIF-1 to activate vascular smooth muscle is lost by mutation in the EF-hand calcium-binding region. PMID: 15922740 Overexpression of allograft inflammatory factor-1 is associated with development of coronary artery vasculopathy PMID: 16049345 These data indicate that AIF-1 mediates atherogenesis-initiated signaling and activation of macrophages. PMID: 16291819 The subtle regulation of allograft inflammatory factor-1 in the involution of hemangiomas will help design a new anti-angiogenic therapy for some tumors. [REVIEW] PMID: 17010532 The molecular conformational change induced by Ca(2+)-binding of Iba1 is different from that found in the classical EF-hand proteins, which demonstrates that Iba1 has an unique molecular switching mechanism dependent on Ca(2+)-binding. PMID: 17011575 AIF-1 is a novel molecular component of podocytes and the upregulation of AIF-1 in an anti-GBM nephritis model may mainly be a consequence of its expression in infiltrating cells. PMID: 17035944 Crystals of AIF-1 were grown at 291 K using PEG-8000 as precipitant, and diffraction extends to 3.3 A resolution. PMID: 17073733 association of a nonsynonymous change within the AIF-1 gene with systemic sclerosis, and linkage with TNFA alleles within 50 kb of this gene PMID: 17498268 a genetic association between AIF1 and the anti-centromere antibodies-positive subset of systemic sclerosis. PMID: 17522098 Using immunohistochemistry, we found that AIF-1 is expressed at low levels in normal skin, but is highly upregulated in various inflammatory skin disorders PMID: 17533487 These results suggest that AIF-1 may participate in the early pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis by promoting tissue T cell infiltration and production of cytokines capable of inducing the expression of a fibrotic phenotype in normal fibroblasts. PMID: 17907195 daintain/AIF-1 can promote the growth of breast tumors via activating NF-kappaB signaling, which consequently up-regulates the expression of cyclin D1. PMID: 18341653 The AIF1 rs2269475 T allele is associated with increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis development. PMID: 18721278 AIF-1 expression regulates endothelial cell activation, signal transduction, and vasculogenesis. PMID: 18787073 AIF-1 plays a role in inflammatory nerve disease and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and may be a new molecular target for treatment. PMID: 18816612 Genetic variants of the HLA-A, HLA-B and AIF1 loci show independent associations with type 1 diabetes in Norwegian families PMID: 18987644

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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