Recombinant Human Acyl-Coa 6-Desaturase (FADS2) Protein (His-SUMO)

Name: Recombinant Human Acyl-Coa 6-Desaturase (FADS2) Protein (His-SUMO)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-04158P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Acyl-Coa 6-Desaturase (FADS2) Protein (His-SUMO) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	O95864
Target Symbol	FADS2
Synonyms	D6D; Delta(6) desaturase; Delta(6) fatty acid desaturase; Delta-6 desaturase; DES 6; DES6; FADS 2; FADS2; FADS2_HUMAN; FADSD 6; FADSD6; Fatty acid desaturase 2; linoleoyl-CoA desaturase (delta-6-desaturase) like 2; LLCDL 2; LLCDL2; SLL0262; TU 13; TU13
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His-SUMO
Target Protein Sequence	MGKGGNQGEGAAEREVSVPTFSWEEIQKHNLRTDRWLVIDRKVYNITKWSIQHPGGQRVIGHYAGEDATDAFRAFHPDLEFVGKFLKPLLIGELAPEEPSQDHGKNSKITEDFRALRKTAEDMNLFKTNHV
Expression Range	1-131aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	30.9kDa
Research Area	Cardiovascular
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Involved in the biosynthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) from the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) linoleic acid (LA) (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (18:3n-3) precursors, acting as a fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase that introduces a cis double bond at carbon 6 of the fatty acyl chain. Catalyzes the first and rate limiting step in this pathway which is the desaturation of LA (18:2n-6) and ALA (18:3n-3) into gamma-linoleate (GLA) (18:3n-6) and stearidonate (18:4n-3), respectively. Subsequently, in the biosynthetic pathway of HUFA n-3 series, it desaturates tetracosapentaenoate (24:5n-3) to tetracosahexaenoate (24:6n-3), which is then converted to docosahexaenoate (DHA)(22:6n-3), an important lipid for nervous system function. Desaturates hexadecanate (palmitate) to produce 6Z-hexadecenoate (sapienate), a fatty acid unique to humans and major component of human sebum, that has been implicated in the development of acne and may have potent antibacterial activity. It can also desaturate (11E)-octadecenoate (trans-vaccenoate, the predominant trans fatty acid in human milk) at carbon 6 generating (6Z,11E)-octadecadienoate. In addition to Delta-6 activity, this enzyme exhibits Delta-8 activity with slight biases toward n-3 fatty acyl-CoA substrates.
Subcellular Location	Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
Protein Families	Fatty acid desaturase type 1 family
Database References	HGNC: 3575 OMIM: 606149 KEGG: hsa:9415 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000278840 UniGene: PMID: 29413358 review identified that FADS polymorphism may alter plasma fatty acid composition and play a protective role in the development of type 2 diabetes PMID: 29899246 FADS1/2 SNPs affect dietary fatty acid metabolism in centrally obese postmenopausal Polish women. PMID: 30103441 In minor allele carriers of FADS1 and FADS2, plasma arachidonic acid (ARA) content was elevated only at the highest level of ARA consumed in infant formula. ARA level in plasma is reduced by low ARA consumption and by minor alleles in FADS in infants fed ARA-containing formula. PMID: 27276431 Results found rs174575-GG in FADS2 associated with lower total cholesterol level the northern Chinese Han population. also, rs174450-CC and rs7115739-TT alleles of FADS3 are associated with lower total cholesterol level. PMID: 28237083 Results show that preterm infants had as high D6D activity as term infants at birth. Thus, they have an ability to produce AA and DHA from precursor polyunsaturated fatty acids. After birth, D6D activity declined rapidly during first month. PMID: 27914518 The majority of CpG sites (117 out of 136, 86%) exhibited high levels of methylation with the greatest variability observed at three key regulatory regions-the promoter regions for FADS1 and FADS2 and a putative enhancer site between the two genes. PMID: 28957329 FADS1 rs174547 and FADS2 rs2727270 genotypes were significantly correlated with decreased HDL-C concentrations, and D5D /D6D activities as estimated as 20:4(n-6)/20:3 (n-6) and 18:3 (n-6)/18:2 (n-6) in a linear pattern in patients with type 2 diabetes PMID: 28555039 Using a sample of 534 twins, study observed a trend in the moderation of brain fatty acid effects on IQ by FADS2 variation. Using of publicly available gene expression databases from both humans and mice, showed that FADS2 variants also correlate with FADS1 brain expression PMID: 23826354 These data indicate that delta-6 desaturase activity might not be essential for the distinct effects of LA and ALA on NFkappaB activity. PMID: 27960561 SNP (rs1535) and 2-locus haplotypes (rs3834458-rs1535, rs1535-rs174575) in the FADS2 gene were associated with concentrations of gamma-linoleic acid (GLA) and arachidonic acid (AA) in breast milk; the 3-locus haplotype rs3834458-rs1535-rs174575, significantly affected concentrations of GLA but not AA PMID: 27269715 This study showed associations between FADS 1/2 SNPs and cognitive performance. rs1535 minor allele homozygosity and rs174448 major allele carriage associated with improved cognitive performance in 8- to 11-y-old boys but not in girls, thereby counteracting existing sex differences. PMID: 28515069 This study demonstrates for the first time that genetic variation in FADS2 is not only associated with the activity of the desaturation-elongation pathway, but also whole-body fat oxidation. PMID: 27144909 Our results demonstrate that FADS1-FADS2 are susceptibility genes for PCOS. PMID: 26879377 Single nucleotide polymorphisms in FADS gene (particularly rs174537) associate with plasma fatty acids and desaturase levels in patients with both type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease. PMID: 27004414 We investigated the association of surgery-induced weight loss and FA desaturase (FADS)1/2 genotypes with serum and AT FA profile and with AT inflammation, measured as interleukin (IL)-1beta and NFkappaB pathway gene expression. PMID: 26609056 No associations were observed between any single-nucleotide polymorphisms and major depressive disorder diagnosis or attempted suicide status. PMID: 26513616 genetic association study in population of pregnant women in Republic of Seychelles: SNPs in FADS1/FADS2 are associated with maternal arachidonic acid status; a subtle association exists with neurodevelopment in this high fish-eating population. [REVIEW] PMID: 26474818 FADS2 has been shown to be important in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids. PMID: 26439440 Suggest that the FADS1 rs174546 SNP and the FADS2 rs174601 SNP are associated with the risk of coronary artery disease and ischemic stroke, and are likely to influence serum lipid levels. PMID: 26261632 Data suggest that up-regulation of FADS2 (delta-6 fatty acid desaturase) and down-regulation of FADS1 (delta-5 fatty acid desaturase) in obesity leads to altered long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid nutritional status. [META-ANALYSIS, REVIEW] PMID: 25828602 In northern Han Chinese people, the minor allele (T) of rs174616 in the FADS1-FADS2 gene cluster is associated with a decreased conversion rate of Linoleic acid to Arachidonic acid, which may contribute to decreased reduced risk of developing T2 diabetes. PMID: 25981324 Loss of FADS2 function severely impairs the use of HeLa cells as an in vitro model for host response studies involving fatty acid effects. PMID: 25549244 The enzyme C440A is also able to catalyse hydrolysis of FAD bound to the PAPS reductase domain, which is quantitatively converted into FMN. PMID: 26277395 results demonstrate that the FADS2 classical transcript mediates direct Delta4 desaturation to yield 22:6n-3 and 22:5n-6 in human cells PMID: 26065859 Study shows that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) levels were lower in pregnant women homozygous for FADS1 rs174533 but after DHA supplementation, ARA level decreases in women homozygous for both FADS1rs174533 and FADS2rs1747575. PMID: 25500337 Fads1 and Fads2 gene expression was reduced by EPA and AA, but not ALA or LA PMID: 25755223 fatty acid desaturase 2 index was associated with child cognitive function in Indonesia PMID: 26078250 Increased FADS2-derived n-6 PUFAs and reduced n-3 PUFAs in plasma of atopic dermatitis patients PMID: 24854601 examined the impact of a highly influential FADS SNP, rs174537 on leukotriene, HETE, prostaglandin, and thromboxane biosynthesis in stimulated whole blood PMID: 24962583 results demonstrate the utility of eQTL mapping in the identification of novel asthma genes and provide evidence for the importance of FADS2, NAGA, and F13A1 in the pathogenesis of asthma. PMID: 24934276 Minor allele homozygotes and heterozygotes of rs174575 and rs174537 had lower PL 20:4 omega-6 levels in healthy individuals. PMID: 24985009 These results suggest that genetic variation at the FADS locus can influence an individual's response to fish oil supplements. PMID: 24936800 Recent genome-wide association studies showed that FADS1/FADS2 genetic locus, beyond being the main determinant of PUFA, was strongly associated with plasma lipids and glucose metabolism. PMID: 25038994 The results of this study indicate that a human-specific haplotype of the FADS2 gene cluster, which increases the synthesis of omega-3 and omega-6 LC-PUFAs (Ameur et al., 2012), is associated with age-related WM differences from childhood to early adulthood. PMID: 24790207 Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the FADS2 gene is associated with lower arachidonic acid concentrations in the colon. PMID: 24022589 Delta-6-desaturase links polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism with phospholipid remodeling and disease progression in heart failure. PMID: 24284026 Changes in the mRNA-expression levels of FADS1 and 2 directly affect blood DGLA levels and D6D activity. This study suggests that lower mRNA-expressions of FADS2 and ELOVL5 are associated with higher risk of atopic eczema in young children. PMID: 24167612 Weak evidence suggests that SNPs in FADS1/2 may influence high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in young adults. PMID: 23867726 Children who consumed a higher dietary ratio of omega6/omega3 were susceptible for Crohn's disease if they were also carriers of specific variants of CYP4F3 and FADS2 genes. PMID: 24406470 genetic association studies in mother-child pairs in Bristol, England: Data suggest that 2 SNPs in promoter region of maternal FADS2 (rs3834458; rs968567) are associated with IQ of 8-year old children. PMID: 24067669 Data indicate a strong negative correlation between ALOX15, FADS2, and IL5RA expression with 2-arachidonoylglycerophosphocholine levels in dual asthmatic responses. PMID: 23844124 FADS single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with plasma total cholesterol and HDLc levels in preschool children. PMID: 23667444 In general, the benefits of breastfeeding were small and did not interact with SNPs in FADS2. PMID: 23737301 Rs174617 in the FADS2 was not associated with acute coronary syndrome Chinese Han population PMID: 23555103 study concludes different sites at the FADS1-FADS2 locus appear to influence Delta-5 and Delta-6 desaturase (D5D and D6D) activity, and rs174537 genotype interacts with dietary eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid to modulate D5D PMID: 23160180 These findings suggest that the AA synthetic pathway and the D6D enzyme in particular may be involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. PMID: 23414387 genetic association study in maternal/child dyads in England: Data suggest that SNPs in FADS2 (and in FADS1/FADS3) influence fetal fatty acid metabolism; both maternal and child FADS genotypes/haplotypes influence cord plasma long-chain fatty acids. PMID: 22877655 Data suggest that mRNA expression of delta-5 and delta-6 desaturases are down-regulated 40-50% in vitamin B-6-restricted hepatocytes. PMID: 23211517 Findings suggest that the 3 genes, FADS1, FADS2, and DCHS2, containing these SNPs might play dual roles influencing both CSI and ALM in males. PMID: 22960237

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Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

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