Recombinant Human ACVR1B Protein (C-6His)

Name: Recombinant Human ACVR1B Protein (C-6His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-2620NP
Availability: InStock

BL-2620NP: Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Activin Receptor Type-1B is produced by our Mammalian expression system and the target gene encoding Ser24-Glu126 is expressed with a 6His tag at the C-terminus.
Accession	P36896
Synonym	Activin Receptor Type-1B; Activin Receptor Type IB; ACTR-IB; Activin Receptor-Like Kinase 4; ALK-4; Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase Receptor R2; SKR2; ACVR1B; ACVRLK4; ALK4
Gene Background	Activin Receptor Type-1B (ACVR1B) is a single-pass type I membrane protein that belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. ACVR1B contains one GS domain and one protein kinase domain and is expressed in many tissues, most strongly in kidney, pancreas, brain, lung, and liver. ACVR1B acts as a transducer of activin or activin like ligands signals. Activin binds to either ACVR2A or ACVR2B and then forms a complex with ACVR1B, ACVR2A or ACVR2B activating ACVR1B through phosphorylation of its regulatory GS domain. They go on to recruit the R-SMADs, SMAD2 and SMAD3. ACVR1B also transducers signals of nodal, GDF-1, and Vg1. Mutations in ACVR1B are associated with pituitary tumors.
Molecular Mass	12.46 KDa
Apmol Mass	14-20 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20mM PB, 150mM NaCl, pH 7.4.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening. Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase activin type-1 receptor forming an activin receptor complex with activin receptor type-2 (ACVR2A or ACVR2B). Transduces the activin signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and is thus regulating a many physiological and pathological processes including neuronal differentiation and neuronal survival, hair follicle development and cycling, FSH production by the pituitary gland, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, immunosuppression and carcinogenesis. Activin is also thought to have a paracrine or autocrine role in follicular development in the ovary. Within the receptor complex, type-2 receptors (ACVR2A and/or ACVR2B) act as a primary activin receptors whereas the type-1 receptors like ACVR1B act as downstream transducers of activin signals. Activin binds to type-2 receptor at the plasma membrane and activates its serine-threonine kinase. The activated receptor type-2 then phosphorylates and activates the type-1 receptor such as ACVR1B. Once activated, the type-1 receptor binds and phosphorylates the SMAD proteins SMAD2 and SMAD3, on serine residues of the C-terminal tail. Soon after their association with the activin receptor and subsequent phosphorylation, SMAD2 and SMAD3 are released into the cytoplasm where they interact with the common partner SMAD4. This SMAD complex translocates into the nucleus where it mediates activin-induced transcription. Inhibitory SMAD7, which is recruited to ACVR1B through FKBP1A, can prevent the association of SMAD2 and SMAD3 with the activin receptor complex, thereby blocking the activin signal. Activin signal transduction is also antagonized by the binding to the receptor of inhibin-B via the IGSF1 inhibin coreceptor. ACVR1B also phosphorylates TDP2.
Subcellular Location	Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.
Protein Families	Protein kinase superfamily, TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family, TGFB receptor subfamily
Database References	HGNC: 172 OMIM: 601300 KEGG: hsa:91 UniGene: Hs.438918
Associated Diseases	ACVRIB is abundantly expressed in systemic sclerosis patient fibroblasts and production of collagen is also induced by activin-A/INHBA. This suggests that the activin/ACRV1B signaling mechanism is involved in systemic sclerosis.
Tissue Specificity	Expressed in many tissues, most strongly in kidney, pancreas, brain, lung, and liver.

Gene Functions References

Overexpression of ALK4 suppressed glioma cell proliferation, migration and invasion through the inactivation of JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. PMID: 29278854
Results showed that ACVR1B expression is upregulated during latent infection with a miR-UL148D deletion virus. Data indicates miR-UL148D inhibits ACVR1B expression in latently infected cells to limit proinflammatory cytokine secretion. PMID: 27491954
Our study provided experimental and clinical evidence for the involvement of activin A and ALK4 in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrosis and atrial fibrillation PMID: 28639003
It was concluded that ALK4 inhibition increases myogenesis but also regulates the tight balance of protein synthesis and degradation. PMID: 27733450
in a relatively large cohort of athletes from Europe and South America we have shown that the ACVR1B rs2854464 A allele is associated with sprint/power performance in Caucasians but not in Brazilian athletes. PMID: 27253421
ALK4 is an important profibrotic signaling molecule in the post-MI CF. Haplodeficiency of ALK4 significantly improved LV function and survival rate by attenuating CF in vivo, ameliorated PMID: 28214509
ALK4 is expressed in male germ cells and Sertoli cells. PMID: 26289399
This study demonstrated positive regulation of monocyte/macrophage differentiation by lnc-MC and uncovered an elaborate regulation mechanism composed of PU.1, lnc-MC, miR-199a-5p, and ACVR1B. PMID: 26149389
Data suggest that activin A up-regulates SNAIL expression via ALK4/ACVR1B-induced SMAD signaling in trophoblast cells; elevated SNAIL contributes to up-regulation of MMP2 expression which plays key role in promoting trophoblast cell invasion. PMID: 26305619
ACVR1B functions as a positive regulator of monocyte/macrophage differentiation. ACVR1B knockdown promoted THP-1 proliferation by increasing Rb phosphorylation. Down-regulation reduced p-Smad2/3 and C/EBPalpha, inhibiting monocyte/macrophage differentiation. PMID: 25258381
The deletion of the ACVR1B gene may mediate an aggressive cancer phenotype in pancreatic cancer. PMID: 24886203
Findings define a regulatory role of miR-98 in tumor angiogenesis and invasion through repressed ALK4 and MMP11 expression. PMID: 23211491
ActRIBCA signaling can promote cell migration in prostate cancer cells via a network of signaling molecules that work together to trigger the process of EMT, and thereby aid in the aggressiveness and progression of prostate cancers. PMID: 23159635
Act A protein levels were significantly higher in NTM tissues compared to GTM tissues. PMID: 23010638
Activin A-ACVRIB/ALK4-Smad-dependent collagen production was augmented in SSc fibroblasts, suggesting the involvement of this signaling mechanism in systemic sclerosis. PMID: 21377836
We applied a two-stage fine mapping approach, and are the first to identify and partially replicate genetic variants in the ACVR1B gene that account for genetic variation in human muscle strength. PMID: 21063444
activin A signal is transduced through the activin A type 1 receptor, ALK4, and transactivates several TGF-beta target genes in a SMAD-independent manner. PMID: 20226172
data indicate that truncated Alk4 isoforms interfere with activin signaling pathways and thereby may contribute to uncontrolled cell growth PMID: 12364468
Activin signaling mediated by ActRIB-Smad2 system in the ovary may thus be essential for the regulation of follicular differentiation. PMID: 12639945
there is only a partial overlap of the binding sites on ALK4 and ALK3 for activin-A and bone morphogenetic protein-2, respectively PMID: 12665502
ALK4 binds to activin at a specific site in order to signal via type II receptors PMID: 15123686
Dpr2 binds to the TGFbeta receptors ALK5 and ALK4, and accelerates lysosomal degradation of these receptors PMID: 15459392
findings indicate a new inhibitory function of FKBP12 as an adaptor molecule for the Smad7-Smurf1 complex to regulate the duration of the activin signal through activin type I receptors PMID: 16720724
a regulation mode of miR-24 on erythropoiesis by impeding ALK4 expression. PMID: 17906079
Study indicate that the synthetic h-CFC interacts with the ALK4 receptor with a K(D) in micro M range, that the h-CFC overall topology is determined by the presence of three disulfide bridges. PMID: 19035567

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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