Recombinant Human 14-3-3 Protein Zeta/Delta (YWHAZ) Protein (His-GST)

Name: Recombinant Human 14-3-3 Protein Zeta/Delta (YWHAZ) Protein (His-GST)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-11167P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human 14-3-3 Protein Zeta/Delta (YWHAZ) Protein (His-GST) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P63104
Target Symbol	YWHAZ
Synonyms	14 3 3 delta; 14 3 3 protein zeta/delta; 14 3 3 protein/cytosolic phospholipase A2; 14 3 3 zeta; 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta; 1433Z_HUMAN; Epididymis luminal protein 4; Epididymis secretory protein Li 3; HEL S 3; HEL4; KCIP-1; KCIP1; MGC111427; MGC126532; MGC138156; Phospholipase A2; Protein kinase C inhibitor protein 1; Tyrosine 3 monooxygenase/tryptophan 5 monooxygenase activation protein; delta polypeptide; Tyrosine 3 monooxygenase/tryptophan 5 monooxygenase activation protein; zeta; Tyrosine 3 monooxygenase/tryptophan 5 monooxygenase activation protein; zeta polypeptide; Tyrosine 3/tryptophan 5 monooxygenase activation protein; zeta polypeptide; YWHAD; YWHAZ
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His-GST
Target Protein Sequence	AAGDDKKGIVDQSQQAYQEAFEISKKEMQPTHPIRLGLALNFSVFYYEILNSPEKACSLAKTAFDEAIAELDTLSEESYK
Expression Range	133-212aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	40.6 kDa
Research Area	Cell Biology
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. Binds to a large number of partners, usually by recognition of a phosphoserine or phosphothreonine motif. Binding generally results in the modulation of the activity of the binding partner. Induces ARHGEF7 activity on RAC1 as well as lamellipodia and membrane ruffle formation. In neurons, regulates spine maturation through the modulation of ARHGEF7 activity.
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm. Melanosome. Note=Located to stage I to stage IV melanosomes.
Protein Families	14-3-3 family
Database References	HGNC: 12855 OMIM: 601288 KEGG: hsa:7534 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000309503 UniGene: PMID: 28522826 These results imply that disorder in the N-terminal helices of 14-3-3 zeta is a consequence of the dimer-monomer dynamics and may play a role in conferring chaperone function to 14-3-3 zeta protein. PMID: 29109150 Knockdown of YWHAZ inhibited cell cycle progression, migration, and the expression of stem cell markers and tumorigenicity was suppressed in tumor-bearing BALB/c nude mice. The expression of YWHAZ was directly down-regulated by miR-30e in resistant ovarian cancer cells. PMID: 30134224 our data suggest miR-204 and 14-3-3zeta as potential therapeutic targets in osteosarcoma PMID: 29441884 evidence is lacking to conclude that 14-3-3zeta is a useful marker of tamoxifen resistance. PMID: 28643021 TRIM21 positively regulated osteosarcoma cell proliferation. Overexpression of TRIM21 enhanced osteosarcoma cell tolerance toward various stresses. YWHAZ protein was identified as a novel interacting partner of TRIM21 and its expression levels were negatively regulated by TRIM21. PMID: 29673441 several disordered regions of PI4KB become protected from proteolytical degradation upon 14-3-3 binding. PMID: 28864297 Ectopic expression of miR-451 could inhibit the cell migration and invasion, promoted apoptosis, induced cell-cycle arrest Furthermore, tyrosine3-monooxygenase/tryptophan5-monooxygenase activation protein zeta (YWHAZ) was identified as a direct target of miR-451 PMID: 28981108 Serum autoantibodies to YWHAZ are produced at substantially greater levels in gastric cancer patients as compared to controls. PMID: 28944820 Dimerization of 14-3-3 zeta (14-3-3zeta) dimer was disrupted by a double mutant (L12E, M78K). PMID: 29203375 Results identified YWHAZ as the direct target of miR-613 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Its overexpression reverses the tumor suppressing role of miR-613 in HCC cells. PMID: 29551505 14-3-3zetaoverexpression might be a potential prognostic biomarker for ovarian cancer. PMID: 29214776 In AML patients, low level of miR-451 is negatively correlated with high levels of c-Myc and YWHAZ, while c-Myc level is positively related to YWHAZ expression. These results suggested that c-Myc dash, verticalmiR-451 dash, verticalYWHAZ/AKT cascade might play a crucial role during leukemogenesis, and reintroduction of miR-451 could be as a potential strategy for AML therapy. PMID: 27764807 miR-22 exhibits tumor-suppressive effects in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by regulating YWHAZ/AKT/FOXO3a signaling. PMID: 27811373 our data demonstrate that overexpression of 14-3-3zeta in early stage pre-cancerous breast epithelial cells may trigger an elevated glycolysis and transcriptionally up-regulating LDHA, thereby contributes to human breast cancer initiation. PMID: 27150057 14-3-3zeta can bind to the FOXO3a transcription factor to promote the export of the complex to the cytoplasm, leading to enhanced proliferation and migration of tongue cancer cells. PMID: 27080223 Structure of the complex of phosphorylated liver kinase B1 and 14-3-3zeta has been reported. PMID: 28368277 These results suggest that the hypoxia/14-3-3zeta/HIF-1alpha pathway plays an important role in portal vein tumor thrombus formation and hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis PMID: 26910835 14-3-3zeta recruited YAP and p-LATS to form a complex under high cells density status and 14-3-3zeta other than YAP or phospho-LATS was the key regulatory molecule of this complex. PMID: 27334574 This study shows that human procaspase-2 interaction with 14-3-3 zeta is governed by phosphorylation at both S139 and S164. PMID: 28943433 The results highlight a new role of TSC2 in protecting glioblastoma against photodynamic therapy-induced cell death, and TSC2 and YWHAZ as new RIP3 partners. PMID: 27984090 These results suggest that 14-3-3-zeta is involved in the TLR3-TICAM-1 pathway in promoting multimerization of TICAM-1 for the formation of a TICAM-1 signalosome. PMID: 27058640 The data indicate that microtubule-bound tau is resistant to 14-3-3zeta-induced tau aggregation and suggest that tau phosphorylation promotes tau aggregation in the brain by detaching tau from microtubules and thus making it accessible to 14-3-3zeta. PMID: 27548710 Structural interface between LRRK2 and 14-3-3 delta protein has been presented. PMID: 28202711 14-3-3zeta-mediated invasion of cancer cells was found to upregulate Snail through the activation of atypical protein kinase C (aPKC). PMID: 27554601 results have identified a novel mechanism by which 14-3-3sigma maintains the epithelial phenotype by inhibiting Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and suggest that this property of 14-3-3sigma might contribute to its function as a tumor suppressor gene. PMID: 27261462 14-3-3zeta regulates HIF-1alpha production in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by directly binding to HIF-1alpha and via PI3K/Akt/NF-small ka, CyrillicB signal transduction pathway. PMID: 26884855 Results indicate that HuR induces 14-3-3zeta translation via interaction with its 3' UTR and that 14-3-3zeta is necessary for stimulation of intestinal epithelial cell migration after wounding. PMID: 27401462 this study suggests that the down-regulation of 14-3-3 zeta leads to the inhibition of TGFb1- induced contraction by decreasing the expression of total RhoA in TM cells. PMID: 26906158 loss of expression or even the down-regulation of c-abl, but not WYHAZ, is a fundamental event that leads to genesis and progression of tumors PMID: 26429164 This study provides the molecular basis for C-Raf C-terminal-derived phosphopeptide interaction with 14-3-3zeta protein and gives structural insights responsible for phosphorylation-mediated protein binding. PMID: 26295714 14-3-3z may play an important role in signaling pathway in breast cancer. Also, a high 14-3-3z expression could positively regulate growth factor receptors and protein kinase pathways PMID: 25861752 Studies show that 14-3-3zeta is overexpressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma and provide evidence that may regulate tumor inflammation and immune response through Stat3 signaling. PMID: 25556369 Activation of PCTAIRE-1 is mediated through interaction with the phosphorylated form of cyclin Y in complex with 14-3-3. PMID: 26205494 C-terminal domain of Pdc interacts with the outside surface of the 14-3-3 dimer. PMID: 25971962 Our findings indicate that YWHAZ could serve as a promising prognostic biomarker in localized PCa to predict poor prognosis PMID: 25156059 studyconfirmed the interaction of Ser9-phosphorylated GSK3beta with 14-3-3zeta; Ser9-phosphorylation of GSK3beta promoted by 14-3-3zeta is critical for the activation of NF-kappaB pathway PMID: 25138042 A detailed analysis of the interaction between singly or doubly phosphorylated human tyrosine hydroxylase isoform 1(1-50) peptides and 14-3-3zeta PMID: 25418103 BIS targeting induces cellular senescence through the regulation of 14-3-3 zeta/STAT3/SKP2/p27 in glioblastoma cells. PMID: 25412315 Aberrant upregulation of 14-3-3sigma and EZH2 expression serves as an inferior prognostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. PMID: 25226601 The 14-3-3zeta-driven contextual changes of Smad partners from p53 to Gli2 may serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets of TGF-b-mediated cancer progression. PMID: 25670079 Among the genes found disrupted in this study, there is evidence suggesting that YWHAZ and also the X-linked DRP2 may be considered as novel autism candidate genes. PMID: 23999528 Data found that the interaction between 14-3-3 zeta and Atg9A is mediated by phosphorylation at Ser761. PMID: 25266655 miR-375-mediated regulation of 14-3-3zeta contributes to decrease telomerase activity by altering nuclear translocation of TERT. PMID: 24708873 14-3-3zeta regulates nuclear trafficking of PP1alpha in mammalian cells PMID: 24956593 By preventing the inactivation of cofilin, metabolic stress-induced degradation of 14-3-3zeta promotes the conversion of blood monocytes into a hypermigratory, proatherogenic phenotype. PMID: 24812321 Compared to HL-60 cells, multidrug-resistant HL-60/VCR cells had increased 14-3-3zeta mRNA and protein expression.Silencing of 14-3-3zeta increased the sensitivity of both sensitive and resistant HL-60 cells to TPT-induced apoptosis. PMID: 24603438 14-3-3zeta causes synaptic loss by destabilizing microtubules, leading to proteosomal degradation of synaptophysin in the neurons of patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease. PMID: 24367683 Data suggest that the combined expression of 14-3-3zeta and Hsp27 may be a biomarker for predicting survival in patients with NSCLC, and this combination may have potential as a therapeutic target for NSCLC. PMID: 24804299 Somatic copy number alterations by whole-exome sequencing implicates YWHAZ and PTK2 in castration-resistant prostate cancer. PMID: 24114522

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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