Recombinant Human HTRA1 (161-379) Protein

Name: Recombinant Human HTRA1 (161-379) Protein
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-1074SG
Availability: InStock

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Product Overview

Tag	His
Host Species	Human
Accession	NM_002775
Synonym	ARMD7; CARASIL; HtrA; L56; ORF480; PRSS11
Background	HTRA1 is a serine protease. HTRA1 targets a variety of proteins (1 & 2), including fibronectin (induce synovial cells to up-regulate MMP1 and MMP3 production), proteoglycans (release soluble FGF-glycosaminoglycan complexes that promote the range and intensity of FGF signals in the extracellular space), IGF-binding proteins (regulates the availability of insulin-like growth factors) and TSC2 (leads to the activation of TSC2 downstream targets). HTRA1 relates to age-related macular degeneration, a multifactorial eye disease and the most common cause of irreversible vision loss (3).
Description	Recombinant human HTRA1 (161-379) protein was produced in E. coli system using an N-terminual His-tag.
Source	E.coli
AA Sequence	161-379
Molecular Weight	25 kDa
Purity	For specific purity information on a given lot, see related COA.
Endotoxin	< 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method
Formulation	Recombinant protein is supplied in 50mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 50mM NaCl, 10mM Glutathione, 0.25mM DTT, 0.1mM EDTA, 0.1mM PMSF and 25% glycerol.
Stability	The recombinant protein is stable for up to 12 months at -70°C
Usage	For Research Use Only
Storage	Recombinant Human HTRA1 (161-379) Protein should be stored should be stored at < -70°C. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Target Details

Target Function	Serine protease with a variety of targets, including extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin. HTRA1-generated fibronectin fragments further induce synovial cells to up-regulate MMP1 and MMP3 production. May also degrade proteoglycans, such as aggrecan, decorin and fibromodulin. Through cleavage of proteoglycans, may release soluble FGF-glycosaminoglycan complexes that promote the range and intensity of FGF signals in the extracellular space. Regulates the availability of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) by cleaving IGF-binding proteins. Inhibits signaling mediated by TGF-beta family members. This activity requires the integrity of the catalytic site, although it is unclear whether TGF-beta proteins are themselves degraded. By acting on TGF-beta signaling, may regulate many physiological processes, including retinal angiogenesis and neuronal survival and maturation during development. Intracellularly, degrades TSC2, leading to the activation of TSC2 downstream targets.
Subcellular Location	Cell membrane. Secreted. Cytoplasm, cytosol.
Protein Families	Peptidase S1C family
Database References	HGNC: 9476 OMIM: 600142 KEGG: hsa:5654 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000357980 UniGene: Hs.501280
Associated Diseases	Macular degeneration, age-related, 7 (ARMD7); Cerebral arteriopathy, autosomal recessive, with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL); Cerebral arteriopathy, autosomal dominant, with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, 2 (CADASIL2)
Tissue Specificity	Widely expressed, with strongest expression in placenta (at protein level). Secreted by synovial fibroblasts. Up-regulated in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluids and cartilage as compared with non-arthritic (at protein level).

Gene Functions References

Nuclear downregulation of HtrA1 is associated with a better prognosis in women with high grade serous ovarian carcinoma. PMID: 30131069
Case Report: Novel compound heterozygous mutations in HTRA1 causing CARASIL in Chinese patient. PMID: 30068478
regulates odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp cells through activation of the TGF-beta1/Smad signaling pathway PMID: 29580722
the aberrant expression of HTRA1 or HTRA4 may be involved in the onset of preeclampsia, and increased HTRA1 or HTRA4 expression may affect trophoblast functions. PMID: 30015931
HtrA1 contributes to the development of keloid lesions as matrix protease by remodelling keloid-specific ECM or cell surface molecules. PMID: 29695130
Studies indicate a significantly different high-temperature requirement factor A1 (HtrA1) expression in cancer and non-cancer tissue [Meta-analysis]. PMID: 29409460
HtrA1 overexpression further leads to impaired apical processes and decreased phagocytosis, an essential function for photoreceptor survival. PMID: 29269042
Results suggest that HTRA1 is involved in the pathogenesis of scars through regulating activation of latent TGF-beta1 in keloid fibroblasts. PMID: 29412803
the CADASIL-like family disease may be caused by heterozygous HTRA1 gene mutation, which leads to autosomal dominant hereditary cerebral small vessel disease. PMID: 29561953
Case Report/Review: novel missense mutation in HTRA1 associated with phenotype of CARASIL. PMID: 28628911
The rs11200638-rs2672598 joint genotype AA-CC conferred higher risk to exudative exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) than polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). PMID: 27338780
a possible proteolytic processing mechanism of mutant TGFBIp by HTRA1 and peptides generated by mutant protein may form the beta-amyloid core of corneal aggregates in Corneal dystrophic patients. PMID: 28689406
HtrA1 Proteolysis of ApoE In Vitro Is Allele Selective PMID: 27379525
The observation of this study further supports the pathogenic role of the heterozygous HTRA1 mutations in familial cerebral small vessel disease. PMID: 28782182
These findings suggest that the variation in the risk for age-related macular degeneration associated with chromosome 10q26 is likely due to variation in HTRA1 expression. PMID: 28659708
HtrA1 role in the cisplatin resistance in colon cancer PMID: 28667026
HtrA1 could serve as a marker to identify ulcerative colitis of >10 year duration patients at high risk of developing colorectal cancer. PMID: 28586045
To our knowledge, this is the first time the association between rs11200638 and overall age-related macular degeneration has been reported in South America. PMID: 28846052
because the ARMS2/HTRA1 genes are positioned at a locus on chromosome 10q26 in a region with strong linkage disequilibrium, it is difficult to distinguish the functions of the individual genes. a review of recent epidemiological studies of Age-related macular degeneration(AMD) is offered. An argument for a definite correlation between the ARMS2 gene and AMD is presented PMID: 28583181
The expression of HtrA1 was strongly related to the T2 value, suggesting that HtrA1 plays an important role in the pathological process of intervertebral disc degeneration. PMID: 28432852
These results suggest that the initiation stage of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy is mediated by proteolytic degradation of extracellular matrix proteins attributable to increased HTRA1 activity PMID: 28941979
The findings of the present study provide evidence that CFH gene variants and ARMS2/HTRA1 genes play a major role in the genetic susceptibility to AMD in a Greek population. These findings are of direct relevance for disease and help mapping the genetic chart of AMD. PMID: 26848857
The function of the binding between MIF and HTRA1 is to inhibit the proteolytic activity of HTRA1. PMID: 28726057
Results show that HTRA1 is epigenetically silenced in HCT116 colon carcinoma cells and during early stages of tumorigenesis in a mouse model of intestinal cancer. Downregulation of HTRA1 causes a multiple phenotypes that are hallmarks of cancer cells including increased proliferation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts, as well as chromosome and centrosome amplifications. PMID: 27388476
High HTRA1 expression is associated with cervical cell proliferation. PMID: 27809811
Data indicate HtrA serine peptidase 1 (HTRA1) involvement in Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathogenesis. PMID: 27841854
Variants in HTRA1 are not associated with age-related macular degeneration. PMID: 27879347
Results show the heterozygous missense mutations p.G283E, p.P285L, p.R302Q, and p.T319I in the HTRA1 gene in 8 patients with symptomatic cerebral small vessel disease; mutant HTRA1s observed in manifesting heterozygotes might result in an impaired HTRA1 activation cascade of HTRA1 or be unable to form stable trimers PMID: 27164673
FN and HtrA1 are localized in the placental key growth zones suggesting a pivotal role in maintaining the balance among the molecules involved in the placental development and differentiation PMID: 28076935
correlation between TGFb1 and pSmad2 as well as between HtrA1 and TGFb1 and the very significant increase of Ki67 in stromal compartment of eutopic endometrium suggest a possible involvement of HtrA1 in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. PMID: 26708185
Two synonymous polymorphisms in exon 1 of the HTRA1 gene result in a protein with altered thermophoretic properties. PMID: 26310622
significant increase of serum HtrA1 in early-onset pre-eclampsia PMID: 26187609
a frameshift mutation in the HTRA1 gene detected in a CARASIL pedigree resulted in reduced HTRA1 protein and increased TGF-beta1 expression, which may cause severe CARASIL and peripheral small arterial disease PMID: 25772074
Human HTRA1 expression is enhanced by Age-related macular degeneration specific indel mutation in the promoter region of HTRA1 gene, and this enhanced HTRA1 may be concerned with induce retinal neovasucularization. PMID: 27125063
Results does not conclusively support HTRA1 role as a tumor suppressor but suggest its possible prognostic role in many human tumors. PMID: 26035313
Studies indicate that the high-risk allele of the 10q26 locus encompasses three genes, PLEKHA1, ARMS2, and HTRA1 with high linkage disequilibrium. PMID: 26427389
Low HtrA1 expression is associated with gastric cancer. PMID: 25761858
HtrA1 expression was closely related to EMT, which might be a potential mechanism underlying metastasis of HCC PMID: 26403966
Low HtrA1 expression is significantly related to breast cancer poor prognosis parameters, and HtrA1 loss in sentinel nodes is related to metastasis of non sentinel nodes. PMID: 25530301
It was concluded that high expression of HtrA1 could significantly reverse multidrug resistance of hepatoma cells by targeting XIAP. PMID: 25776486
The growth of choroidal neovascularization in AMD would be affected by 2 genes: MMP20, a newly confirmed gene expressed in the retina, and ARMS2/HTRA1, a well-known susceptibility gene for AMD. PMID: 26337002
HtrA1 appeared as an immunohistochemical marker to predict behaviour of the meningioma, mainly the recurrence PMID: 25687108
HtrA1 plays a positive role in human periodontal ligament cells osteogenic differentiation and may regulate this process by TGFB1. PMID: 25726184
In this study, we found that the interaction of ARMS2 and ARMS2/HTRA1 is significantly associated with nAMD, and the interaction of CFH and ARMS2 is pronounced in PCV development in Chinese population. PMID: 25771815
HtrA1 expression in plasma cells could be correlated with the destruction of pathological periodontal tissue. PMID: 24979214
Central but not peripheral drusen location was strongly associated with both [CFH HTRA1] and [CFH HTRA1]. Only [CFH HTRA1] was significantly associated with increased central drusen area. PMID: 25627090
heterozygous HTRA1 mutations are an important cause of familial small vessel disease PMID: 26063658
Silence of the HTRA1 gene was associated with significantly higher levels of TGF-beta1, BMP4, and BMP2 mRNA and reduction in the proliferation and migration of ARPE-19 cells. PMID: 25550099
Gene variants in CFH, ARMS2 and HTRA1 are related to an increased risk of age-related macular degeneration in a northern Chinese population. PMID: 24865190
alpha-1-antitrypsin as substrate of HTRA1 synthetic PMID: 25329061

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

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Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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