Recombinant Human E3 Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Rnf168 (RNF168) Protein (His)

Name: Recombinant Human E3 Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Rnf168 (RNF168) Protein (His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-07507P
Price: 299.0 USD
Availability: InStock

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human E3 Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Rnf168 (RNF168) Protein (His) is produced by our Baculovirus expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	Q8IYW5
Target Symbol	RNF168
Synonyms	(hRNF168)(RING finger protein 168)(RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase RNF168)
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	Baculovirus
Tag	C-10His
Target Protein Sequence	MALPKDAIPSLSECQCGICMEILVEPVTLPCNHTLCKPCFQSTVEKASLCCPFCRRRVSSWTRYHTRRNSLVNVELWTIIQKHYPRECKLRASGQESEEVADDYQPVRLLSKPGELRREYEEEISKVAAERRASEEEENKASEEYIQRLLAEEEEEEKRQAEKRRRAMEEQLKSDEELARKLSIDINNFCEGSISASPLNSRKSDPVTPKSEKKSKNKQRNTGDIQKYLTPKSQFGSASHSEAVQEVRKDSVSKDIDSSDRKSPTGQDTEIEDMPTLSPQISLGVGEQGADSSIESPMPWLCACGAEWYHEGNVKTRPSNHGKELCVLSHERPKTRVPYSKETAVMPCGRTESGCAPTSGVTQTNGNNTGETENEESCLLISKEISKRKNQESSFEAVKDPCFSAKRRKVSPESSPDQEETEINFTQKLIDLEHLLFERHKQEEQDRLLALQLQKEVDKEQMVPNRQKGSPDEYHLRATSSPPDKVLNGQRKNPKDGNFKRQTHTKHPTPERGSRDKNRQVSLKMQLKQSVNRRKMPNSTRDHCKVSKSAHSLQPSISQKSVFQMFQRCTK
Expression Range	1-571aa
Protein Length	Full Length
Mol. Weight	66.6 kDa
Research Area	Epigenetics And Nuclear Signaling
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase required for accumulation of repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. Acts with UBE2N/UBC13 to amplify the RNF8-dependent histone ubiquitination. Recruited to sites of DNA damage at double-strand breaks (DSBs) by binding to ubiquitinated histone H2A and H2AX and amplifies the RNF8-dependent H2A ubiquitination, promoting the formation of 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin conjugates. This leads to concentrate ubiquitinated histones H2A and H2AX at DNA lesions to the threshold required for recruitment of TP53BP1 and BRCA1. Also recruited at DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs) sites and promotes accumulation of 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of histones H2A and H2AX, leading to recruitment of FAAP20/C1orf86 and Fanconi anemia (FA) complex, followed by interstrand cross-link repair. H2A ubiquitination also mediates the ATM-dependent transcriptional silencing at regions flanking DSBs in cis, a mechanism to avoid collision between transcription and repair intermediates. Also involved in class switch recombination in immune system, via its role in regulation of DSBs repair. Following DNA damage, promotes the ubiquitination and degradation of JMJD2A/KDM4A in collaboration with RNF8, leading to unmask H4K20me2 mark and promote the recruitment of TP53BP1 at DNA damage sites. Not able to initiate 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination in vitro; possibly due to partial occlusion of the UBE2N/UBC13-binding region. Catalyzes monoubiquitination of 'Lys-13' and 'Lys-15' of nucleosomal histone H2A (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively).
Subcellular Location	Nucleus.
Protein Families	RNF168 family
Database References	HGNC: 26661 OMIM: 611943 KEGG: hsa:165918 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000320898 UniGene: PMID: 30037213 RNF168 interacts with TOP2alpha to mediate its polyubiquitylation and RNF168 deficiency confers resistance to ICRF-193, a TOP2 catalytic inhibitor, and cytotoxic anti-cancer drug etoposide in cultured human cancers cells. PMID: 27558965 Ub-interacting residues in UDM2 prevent the accumulation of RNF168 to double-strand breaks sites in U2OS cells, whereas those in UDM1 have little effect. PMID: 29330428 We identified 85 overlapping deletions, of which six included the RPL35A gene and all should be had Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA).we sequenced the remaining RNF168 gene and examined her fibroblast culture for a DNA double strand break repair deficiency. These results were normal, indicating that the immunodeficiency is unlikely to result from a RNF168 deficiency. PMID: 28432740 deregulated RNF168/53BP1 pathway could promote tumorigenesis by selecting for a more robust, better stress-adapted cancer cell phenotype, through altered DNA repair, fueling genomic instability and tumor heterogeneity PMID: 27841863 The association of RNF168 with PML NBs resulted in increased ubiquitylation. PMID: 26675234 Results reveal an important role of USP7 in regulating ubiquitin-dependent signaling via stabilization of RNF168. PMID: 25894431 CK2/WIP1-mediated modulation of LSD1 phosphorylation facilitates RNF168-dependent ubiquitination and recruitment of 53BP1 to the DNA damage sites. PMID: 25999347 The ubiquitin ligase RNF168 is strictly dependent on the activity that UbK27 is required to promote chromatin ubiquitination following DNA damage. PMID: 25578731 Finding that RNF8 is less abundant than RNF168 identifies RNF8 as a rate-limiting determinant of focal repair complex assembly PMID: 25304081 Depletion of RNF8 or RNF168 blocks the degradation of diffusely localized nuclear 53BP1. PMID: 25337968 The E3 ligase RNF168 promotes both H2A ubiquitylation and neddylation. RNF168 is itself a substrate for NEDD8, and neddylation of RNF168 is necessary for its E3 ubiquitin activity. PMID: 24634510 The acidic patch functions within the nucleosome as nucleosomes containing a mutated acidic patch exhibit defective H2A/H2AXub by RNF168 and RING1B/BMI1 in vitro PMID: 24603765 Taken together, the results suggested that USP3 is a negative regulator of ubiquitination signaling, counteracting RNF168- and RNF8-mediated ubiquitination PMID: 24196443 Before their localization to DNA double strand breaks, RNF168 interacts with 53BP1 and modifies it through the addition of a chain of ubiquitin-polypeptides. PMID: 24324146 RNF168 physically interacts with LSD1 and we find this interaction to be important for LSD1 recruitment to DNA damage sites. PMID: 24217620 study unveils a functional link between DNA damage-induced poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, SMARCA5-mediated chromatin remodeling and RNF168-dependent signaling and repair of DSBs. PMID: 23264744 RNF168, in complex with RAD6A or RAD6B, is activated in the DNA-damage-induced protein ubiquitination cascade. PMID: 23525009 Unlike RNF8, RNF168 RING domain did not stably associate with UBC13 at double-stranded DNA breaks in vitro or in vivo. PMID: 23255131 RNF168 is important for defects in homologous recombination caused by loss of the BRCA1 in breast cancer cells. PMID: 23055523 Ubiquitin-dependent signaling during the DNA damage response (DDR) to double-strand breaks is initiated by two E3 ligases, RNF8 and RNF168, targeting histone H2A and H2AX. Study shows that ubiquitin chains per se are insufficient for signaling, but RNF168 target ubiquitination is required for DDR. PMID: 22980979 Inactivation of K13 and K15 reduces RNF168- dependent ubiquitination of histones H2As, while inactivation of both N- and C-terminal sites completely abolishes histone ubiquitination. PMID: 22713238 RNF168, its paralog RNF169, RAD18, and the BRCA1-interacting RAP80 protein accumulate at DNA double strand break sites through the use of bipartite modules composed of ubiquitin binding domains. PMID: 22742833 Data show RING finger (RNF) E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF8 dimerizes and binds to E2 ubiquitin-conjugating complex Ubc13/Mms2 with formation of Lys-63 ubiquitin chains, whereas the RNF168 RING domain is a monomer and does not catalyze Lys-6 ubiquitylation. PMID: 22589545 Data show that depletion of RNF8, as well as of the E3 ligase RNF168, reduces telomere-induced genome instability. PMID: 21857671 Studies indicate that Non-proteolytic ubiquitylation of chromatin surrounding DSBs, mediated by the RNF8/RNF168 ubiquitin ligase cascade, has emerged as a key mechanism for restoration of genome integrity. PMID: 21664912 The viral protein ICP0 targets RNF8 and RNF168 for degradation, thereby preventing the deposition of repressive ubiquitin marks and counteracting this repair protein recruitment. PMID: 21698222 this study reveals that human NIPBL is a novel protein recruited to DSB sites, and the recruitment is controlled by MDC1, RNF168 and HP1gamma. PMID: 21784059 The E3 Ubiquitin ligases, RNF8 and RNF168, are recruited to DNA damage foci in late mitosis, presumably to prime sites for the DNA damage response, 53BP1, recruitment in early G1. PMID: 21412056 identification of a novel ubiquitin binding domain present in RNF168, and characterized the interaction surface with ubiquitin, centered on two Leu residues PMID: 21041483 Data identify RNF8 and RNF168, cellular histone ubiquitin ligases responsible for anchoring repair factors at sites of damage, as new targets for ICP0-mediated degradation. PMID: 20075863 Ubiquitin ligase does not protect cells from Nutlin-3-mediated apoptosis, indicating that RNF168 does not regulate 53BP1 protein. PMID: 20080757 Data show that the ATM signalling mediator proteins MDC1, RNF8, RNF168 and 53BP1 are also required for heterochromatic DSB repair. PMID: 20081839 RNF168 defines a new pathway involving sequential ubiquitylations on damaged chromosomes and uncovers a functional cooperation between E3 ligases in genome maintenance. PMID: 19203579 RNF168 is a ubiquitin ligase that functions as chromatin modifier, through histone ubiquitination; upon DNA lesions, RNF168 is recruited to DNA damage response foci where it contributes to increase the amount of ubiquitinated proteins. PMID: 19500350

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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