Synthetic Human CXCL11 Protein (Biotin)

Beta LifeScience SKU/CAT #: BLA-2082P

Synthetic Human CXCL11 Protein (Biotin)

Beta LifeScience SKU/CAT #: BLA-2082P
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Product Overview

Host Species Human
Accession O14625
Synonym b R1 b-R1 Beta-R1 betaR1 C-X-C motif chemokine 11 Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 11 Chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 11 CXC11 CXCL11 CXL11_HUMAN H174 I TAC I-TAC Interferon gamma inducible protein 9 Interferon gamma-inducible protein 9 Interferon inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant Interferon-inducible T-cell a chemoattractant I-TAC Interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant IP 9 IP-9 IP9 ITAC MGC102770 SCYB11 SCYB9B Small inducible cytokine B11 Small inducible cytokine subfamily B (Cys-X-Cys) member 11 Small inducible cytokine subfamily B (Cys-X-Cys) member 9B Small inducible cytokine subfamily B, member 11 Small inducible cytokine subfamily B, member 9B Small-inducible cytokine B11
Description Synthetic Human CXCL11 Protein (Biotin) was expressed in Synthetic. It is a Full length protein
Source Synthetic
AA Sequence FPMFKRGRCLCIGPGVKAVKVADIEKASIMYPSNNCDKIEVIITLKENKG QRCLNPKSKQ ARLIIKKVERKNF-Linker-K
Molecular Weight 9 kDa
Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method
Formulation Lyophilised
Stability The recombinant protein samples are stable for up to 12 months at -80°C
Reconstitution See related COA
Unit Definition For Research Use Only
Storage Buffer Shipped at 4°C. Store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid freeze / thaw cycle.

Target Details

Target Function Chemotactic for interleukin-activated T-cells but not unstimulated T-cells, neutrophils or monocytes. Induces calcium release in activated T-cells. Binds to CXCR3. May play an important role in CNS diseases which involve T-cell recruitment. May play a role in skin immune responses.
Subcellular Location Secreted.
Protein Families Intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family
Database References
Tissue Specificity High levels in peripheral blood leukocytes, pancreas and liver astrocytes. Moderate levels in thymus, spleen and lung. Low levels in placenta, prostate and small intestine. Also found in epidermal basal layer keratinocytes in skin disorders.

Gene Functions References

  1. V2O5 induction of CXCL8 and CXCL11 chemokines may lead to the appearance and perpetuation of an inflammatory reaction into the dermal tissue. Further studies are required to evaluate dermal integrity and manifestations in subjects occupationally exposed, or living in polluted areas. PMID: 29901202
  2. BK polyomavirus infection can induce CXCL11 gene expression in kidney transplant patients. PMID: 27759557
  3. CXCL11 production in cerebrospinal fluid was found in herpes simplex meningitis, but not in herpes simplex encephalitis. PMID: 28693588
  4. Neuroendocrine-like cells promote the chemotaxis activity of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) via CXCL10 and CXCL11. PMID: 27034164
  5. High CXCL11 expression is associated with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. PMID: 26910919
  6. this study shows that melanoma peptides vaccination and intratumoral administration of IFNgamma increases production of CXCL11 in patient tumors PMID: 27522581
  7. Downregulation of CXC chemokine ligand 11 can inhibit tumor angiogenesis, suggesting that anti-CXC chemokine ligand 11 therapy may offer an alternative treatment strategy for TWIST1-positive ovarian cancer PMID: 28488542
  8. CXCL8/11 may promote the disease progression of osteoarthritis (OA), and may also serve as new therapeutic targets for treatment of OA. PMID: 27567247
  9. this study shows that oxidative signaling inhibits T lymphocyte chemotaxis to the inflammatory chemokine CXCL11 PMID: 28363904
  10. The homozygous variant CXCL11 AA genotype (rs6817952) is associated with an increased risk of contact allergy. PMID: 27356947
  11. In contrast to elevated 1st trimester levels of IP-10 previously found in the maternal serum of women who later developed preeclampsia, this study found lower umbilical cord IP-10 and ITAC plasma levels in near-term gestations with established severe preeclampsia. PMID: 25741937
  12. CXCL11 levels are mainly increased in patients with non-alcoholic cirrhosis and high portal pressure. Moreover, levels of CXCL11 might predict long-time survival of cirrhotic patients undergoing TIPS. PMID: 26212075
  13. higher concentration is associated with neutrophils accumulation in the alveolar space of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients with pulmonary fibrosis PMID: 26275808
  14. Developmental expression patterns of chemokines CXCL11, CXCL12 and their receptor CXCR7 in testes PMID: 25810367
  15. congruent with the concept that inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of LV dysfunction, MIG, IP10 and I-TAC add diagnostic accuracy over and beyond NT-pro BNP. PMID: 26506526
  16. Resveratrol substantially inhibited the proinflammatory cytokines-induced CXCL11 production while partially blocking nuclear factor-kappaB activation. PMID: 25890876
  17. Common variants of CXCR3 and its ligands CXCL10 and CXCL11 are associated with vascular permeability of dengue infection in peninsular Malaysia. PMID: 25858769
  18. Cyclic stretch significantly induced ESC secretion of CXCL8 and CXCL1 and neutrophil chemotaxis. Stretch also increased MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-3 activity, activin A secretion, and activity in ESC. PMID: 25605062
  19. High CXCL11 expression is associated with acute cellular rejection. PMID: 25251331
  20. These findings functionally integrate K17, hnRNP K, and gene expression along with RSK and CXCR3 signaling in a keratinocyte-autonomous axis and provide a potential basis for their implication in tumorigenesis PMID: 25713416
  21. The homozygosity for the CXCL9 rs10336 (T), CXCL10 rs3921 (G), and CXCL11 rs4619915 (A) alleles is associated with the higher likelihood of significant liver fibrosis in HIV-infected patients coinfected with hepatitis C virus genotype 1. PMID: 25559603
  22. The chemokine CXCL11 is produced by mesenchymal stem cells and interacts with CXCR3. PMID: 24526602
  23. CXCL11 displays antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. PMID: 12949249
  24. The expression of MIF mRNA was compared with VEGF mRNA expression and with mRNA expression of other chemokines related to neo-angiogenesis, such as CXCL12, CXCL11, CXCL8 and CXCR4, in human endometrial cancer tissue and normal endometrium. PMID: 23985752
  25. CXCL11 was mildlylavage fluid during diffuse alveolar damage, but not during acute rejection or lymphocytic bronchiolitis. Elevated CXCL11 was associated with increased risk of chronic allograft dysfunction. PMID: 24063316
  26. Our study demonstrates in mixed cryoglobulinemia and hepatitis C vs controls: (i)high serum CXCL9 and CXCL11, significantly associated with the presence of active vasculitis; (ii) a strong relationship between circulating CXCL9 and CXCL11 PMID: 23527708
  27. CXCR3 ligands CXCL10, CXCL9 and CXCL11 were measured in 245 children with opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome and 81 controls. PMID: 23600831
  28. There was no difference in expression of I-TAC between immune thrombocytopenic purpura patients and healthy controls. PMID: 23158864
  29. Expression of CXCL9, -10, and -11 chemokines and their receptor CXCR3 increases in the aqueous humor of patients with herpetic endotheliitis. PMID: 22367045
  30. This study demonistrated that CXCL11, absent from normal muscle fibers, were induced in DMD myofibers. and up regulattion on blood vessel endothelium of DMD patients. PMID: 23225384
  31. Our study first demonstrates higher serum levels of CXCL11 chemokine in patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia than in hepatitis C virus-positive patients, and in particular in the presence of autoimmune thyroiditis. PMID: 22160826
  32. In chronic graft-vs-host disease, increased levels of the Th1-associated chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 led to recruitment of CXCR3+ T cells from the peripheral blood into affected tissues. PMID: 23012327
  33. Elevated BALF concentrations of CXCL11 in systemic sclerosis patients who do not developed lung fibrosis suggest that determination of CXCL11 in BALF could serve as a prognostic factor for pulmonary function decline. PMID: 22691213
  34. CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL12 and CXCL13 chemokines are biomarkers in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with tick borne encephalitis PMID: 22008312
  35. A strong relationship between circulating IFN-gamma and CXCL11 is shown, supporting the role of a T helper (Th)1 cell immune response in the pathogenesis of mixed cryoglobulinemia and hepatitis C. PMID: 21724697
  36. circulating CXCL11, together with CXCL10, is increased in patients with thyroiditis and hypothyroidism, and is related to CXCL10 levels. PMID: 22168752
  37. Elevated plasma levels of interferon-gamma and Cys-X-Cys chemokine receptor 3-binding chemokine CXCL11 are present in patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms. PMID: 21962843
  38. CXCR3 ligands, CXCL9,10,11, are differentially expressed during chronic liver diseases across different disease stages and aetiologies. PMID: 21645215
  39. We first show that circulating CXCL9 and CXCL11 are increased in patients with thyroiditis and hypothyroidism and are related to each other. PMID: 21470996
  40. involved in microbial-induced intestinal inflammation and Th17 cell development in ulcerative colitis PMID: 21438871
  41. A potent dose-dependent inhibition by PPARalpha-agonists was observed on the cytokines-stimulated secretion of CXCL11 in Graves disease and in primary thyrroid culture. PMID: 20810571
  42. The expression and function of CXCR3 and CXCR7 receptors in cervical carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and glioblastoma cell lines, was evaluated. PMID: 20529825
  43. Studies indicate that CXCR7 is an interceptor for CXCL12 and CXCL11. PMID: 20036838
  44. TNFSF14 enhanced IFN-gamma-induced secretion of CXCL10 and CXCL11 from human gingival fibroblasts. PMID: 19939453
  45. Studies indicate that I-TAC-targeted intervening strategies would have potential application for the alleviation of acute transplant rejection. PMID: 19875106
  46. I-TAC is a highly potent chemoattractant of normal blood CD4 and CD8 T cell transendothelial migration and a major mediator of blood memory T lymphocyte migration to inflammation. PMID: 12055261
  47. The IFN-gamma-inducible T cell alpha-chemoattractant was induced in human brain microvascular endothelial cells and astrocytes only after inflammatory stimuli. PMID: 12162873
  48. These data suggest that IFN-beta acts through PI3K to enhance the transactivation competence of NF-kappa B complexes through phosphorylation of p65 within the TAD of beta-R1. PMID: 12169689
  49. Levels of ITAC/CXCL11 were found elevated in patients with severe transplantation coronary artery disease (TCAD) compared with long-term survivors of transplantation without TCAD and healthy volunteers who had not undergone transplantation PMID: 12695288
  50. increased calpain activity in undifferentiated keratinocytes. inhibited calpain activity in fibroblasts. redifferentiated basal keratinocytes limit fibroblast repopulation of dermis of healed wounds while promoting re-epithelialization. PMID: 12787142

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.

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