Recombinant Human beta-Catenin / CTNNB1 Protein (His & GST Tag)

Collections: Other recombinant proteins, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Tag	His&GST
Host Species	Human
Accession	P35222
Synonym	armadillo, CTNNB, MRD19
Background	beta-Catenin, also known as CTNNB1, is a member of the armadillo family of proteins. These proteins have multiple copies of the so-called armadillo repeat domain, which is specialized for protein-protein binding. It is part of a complex of proteins that constitute adherens junctions (AJs). AJs are necessary for the creation and maintenance of epithelial cell layers by regulating cell growth and adhesion between cells. CTNNB1 also anchors the actin cytoskeleton and may be responsible for transmitting the contact inhibition signal that causes cells to stop dividing once the epithelial sheet is complete. Finally, beta-Catenin binds to the product of the APC gene, which is mutated in adenomatous polyposis of the colon. Defects in beta-Catenin can cause colorectal cancer, pilomatrixoma (PTR), medulloblastoma, and ovarian cancer. CTNNB1 is a key dowstream component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. In the absence of Wnt, it forms a complex with AXIN1, AXIN2, APC, CSNK1A1 and GSK3B that promotes phosphorylation on N-terminal Ser and Thr residues and ubiquitination of CTNNB1 via BTRC and its subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In the presence of Wnt ligand, beta-Catenin is not ubiquitinated and accumulates in the nucleus, where it acts as a coactivator for transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family, leading to activate Wnt responsive genes. CTNNB1 is involved in the regulation of cell adhesion. The majority of beta-catenin is localized to the cell membrane and is part of E-cadherin/catenin adhesion complexes which are proposed to couple cadherins to the actin cytoskeleton.
Description	A DNA sequence encoding the human CTNNB1 (P35222-1) (Met 1-Leu 781) was fused with the N-terminal His-tagged GST tag at the N-terminus.
Source	Baculovirus-Insect Cells
Predicted N Terminal	Met
AA Sequence	Met 1-Leu 781
Molecular Weight	The recombinant human CTNNB1/GST chimera consists of 1018 a.a. and has a calculated molecular mass of 113 kDa. It migrates as an approximately 116 kDa band in SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Purity	>85% as determined by SDS-PAGE
Endotoxin	< 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method
Bioactivity	Please contact us for detailed information
Formulation	Lyophilized from sterile 50mM Tris, 150mM NaCl, 25% glycerol, pH 8.0, 0.1mM EDTA, 1mM TCEP, 0.4mM PMSF, 0.5mM GSH.
Stability	The recombinant proteins are stable for up to 1 year from date of receipt at -70°C.
Usage	For Research Use Only
Storage	Store the protein under sterile conditions at -20°C to -80°C. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Target Details

Target Function	Key downstream component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. In the absence of Wnt, forms a complex with AXIN1, AXIN2, APC, CSNK1A1 and GSK3B that promotes phosphorylation on N-terminal Ser and Thr residues and ubiquitination of CTNNB1 via BTRC and its subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In the presence of Wnt ligand, CTNNB1 is not ubiquitinated and accumulates in the nucleus, where it acts as a coactivator for transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family, leading to activate Wnt responsive genes. Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion, as component of an E-cadherin:catenin adhesion complex. Acts as a negative regulator of centrosome cohesion. Involved in the CDK2/PTPN6/CTNNB1/CEACAM1 pathway of insulin internalization. Blocks anoikis of malignant kidney and intestinal epithelial cells and promotes their anchorage-independent growth by down-regulating DAPK2. Disrupts PML function and PML-NB formation by inhibiting RANBP2-mediated sumoylation of PML. Promotes neurogenesis by maintaining sympathetic neuroblasts within the cell cycle. Involved in chondrocyte differentiation via interaction with SOX9: SOX9-binding competes with the binding sites of TCF/LEF within CTNNB1, thereby inhibiting the Wnt signaling.
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cell junction, adherens junction. Cell junction. Cell membrane. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle pole. Cell junction, synapse. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium basal body.
Protein Families	Beta-catenin family
Database References	HGNC: 2514 OMIM: 114500 KEGG: hsa:1499 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000344456 UniGene: Hs.476018
Associated Diseases	Colorectal cancer (CRC); Pilomatrixoma (PTR); Medulloblastoma (MDB); Ovarian cancer (OC); Mesothelioma, malignant (MESOM); Mental retardation, autosomal dominant 19 (MRD19); Vitreoretinopathy, exudative 7 (EVR7)
Tissue Specificity	Expressed in several hair follicle cell types: basal and peripheral matrix cells, and cells of the outer and inner root sheaths. Expressed in colon. Present in cortical neurons (at protein level). Expressed in breast cancer tissues (at protein level).

Gene Functions References

CXC chemokine ligand 9 promotes the progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a beta-catenin-dependent manner. PMID: 30130730
Results suggest that epigenetic regulation of CTNNB1 may serve as a novel avenue to block colon cancer cell migration and invasion. PMID: 29923144
The results demonstrated that 2HF could inhibit EMT, and cell migration and invasion through the Wnt/bcatenin signaling pathway by suppressing GSK3b phosphorylation, betacatenin expression and transactivation. PMID: 30226607
Collectively, these studies suggested the cellular transcription factor beta-catenin stimulates productive herpes simplex virus 1infection, in part because VP16 enhances beta-catenin dependent transcription. PMID: 30077727
CTNNB1 mutations may be more related to tumorigenesis ( aldosterone-producing adenoma) rather than excessive aldosterone production PMID: 28102204
CTNNB1 mutations were found in 60% of Basal cell adenoma but not in basal cell adenocarcinoma. None of the tested cases had PIK3CA mutations. CTNNB1 mutation trended to be more common in those cases having a predominant tubular or tubulotrabecular patterns. PMID: 29224720
Data reveal that post-translational modifications of beta-catenin in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway yield a truncated beta-catenin molecule containing a serine 552-phosphorylated core region without N and C termini. This proteolytic processing of beta-catenin is required for binding with TCF4 and subsequent transcriptional activation. PMID: 29330435
Results identify CTNNB1 as a Girdin-interacting protein. Girdin-depleted skin cancer cells displayed scattering and impaired E-cadherin-specific cell-cell adhesion. PMID: 30194792
the dysregulation of TET2/E-cadherin/beta-catenin regulatory loop is a critical oncogenic event in HCC progression PMID: 29331390
High CTNNB1 expression is associated with bladder cancer progression. PMID: 30015971
It has been found that miR-27a-3p modulated the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition in oral squamous carcinoma stem cells by down-regulating SFRP1. PMID: 28425477
Beta-catenin pathway is activated by CBX8 in in hepatocellular carcinoma. PMID: 29066512
our data provide a novel evidence for the biological and clinical significance of SPAG5 as a potential biomarker, and we demonstrate that SPAG5-b-catenin-SCARA5 might be a novel pathway involved in hepatocellular carcinoma progression. PMID: 30249289
Results show that hypoxia enhanced nuclear accumulation and transcriptional activity of beta-catenin which promotes expression of EMT-related genes and eventually contributes to the metastatic process in lung cancer cells. PMID: 30396950
This study demonstrates that FOXC1 induces cancer stem cells (CSCs)-like properties in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by promoting beta-catenin expression. The findings indicate that FOXC1 is a potential molecular target for anti-CSC-based therapies in NSCLC PMID: 30189871
High TBL1XR1 expression indicates poor disease-free survival of stage I-III colorectal cancer patients; beta-catenin signaling is critical for TBL1XR1-mediated colorectal cancer cells oncogenicity. PMID: 28295012
Taking together, these results suggest that Wnt/beta-catenin signal pathway activation-dependent up-regulation of syncytin-1 contributes to the pro-inflammatory factor TNF-alpha-enhanced fusion between oral squamous cell carcinoma cells and endothelial cells. PMID: 28112190
The disassociation of the beta-catenin/E-cadherin complex in the osteoblast membrane under stretch loading and the subsequent translocation of beta-catenin into the nucleus may be an intrinsic mechanical signal transduction mechanism. PMID: 29901167
Aberrant CTNNB1 expression was seen in a substantial proportion of our hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases. CTNNB1-positive HCC was associated with normal AFP levels, unicentric tumors, well-differentiated histology, and an unfavorable outcome. PMID: 30082549
Long noncoding RNA AFAP1-AS1 enhances cell proliferation and invasion in osteosarcoma through regulating miR-4695-5p/TCF4-beta-catenin signaling. PMID: 29901121
High CTNNB1 expression is associated with the recurrece of Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngiomas. PMID: 29625497
High CTNNB1 expression is associated with uterine fibroids. PMID: 29066531
The nucleus and/or cytoplasm expression of beta-catenin was associated with tumor progression and correlated overall survival of patients with ovarian cancer (OC). beta-catenin may be a possible potential prognostic biomarker for the patients with OC. [review] PMID: 30103006
In the two wild type (WT) cases, two novel alterations were detected: a complex deletion of APC and a pathogenic mutation of LAMTOR2. Focusing on WT DT subtype, deep sequencing of CTNNB1, APC and LAMTOR2 was conducted on a retrospective series of 11 WT DT using a targeted approach PMID: 29901254
DLX1 interacted with beta-catenin and enhanced the interaction between beta-catenin and TCF4 T-cell factor PMID: 29317218
Nuclear beta-catenin immunoreactivity with appropriate criteria may be helpful to distinguish basal cell adenocarcinoma (BCAC) from histologically similar tumors. However, a minor subset of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) with nuclear beta-catenin expression require careful diagnosis. PMID: 29496310
High CTNNB1 expression is associated with metastasis in cholangiocarcinoma. PMID: 30193944
beta;-catenin directly interacts with the Cx43 carboxyl-terminal domain. PMID: 29882937
This study showed that beta-catenin expression was the most evident in the nucleus rather than in cytoplasm. PMID: 29297710
Nuclear beta-catenin accumulation in non-mitotic glioblastoma cells is due to a feed forward mechanism between DOCK4 and beta-catenin. PMID: 28925399
Study found that HIF1alpha overexpression led to an enhanced betacatenin nuclear translocation, while betacatenin silencing inhibited betacatenin nuclear translocation. The enhanced betacatenin nuclear translocation induced resulted in an enhanced cell proliferation and cell invasion, an altered cell cycle distribution, decreased apoptosis, and improved nonhomologous end joining repair under normal and irradiation cond... PMID: 29658569
our results demonstrated that miR-188 inhibits glioma cell proliferation by targeting beta-catenin PMID: 29268818
Marked upregulation of beta-catenin and its downstream targets effectively enhanced hepatosphere formation, with an associated induction of CD133, OCT4 and Sox2 expression and also caused an significant enhancement of HCC proliferation PMID: 29792038
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia by regulating the invasion and proliferation of trophoblast. PMID: 29603045
Associations between environmental variants together with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of beta-catenin (ctnnb1) and lung cancer risk were analyzed using a logistic regression model. PMID: 29562493
that CTNNB1 is overexpressed and confers a poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia PMID: 29496308
High CTNNB1 expression is associated with cisplatin-resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. PMID: 30009824
beta-catenin immunopositivity is seen in majority of cases of sinonasal sarcoma PMID: 29566950
For the first time, we demonstrated that rather than excluding lymphocytes infiltration as reported in mela-noma, high levels of TILs were associated with beta-catenin overexpression in BC. PMID: 29286921
Study shows that apigenin-induced lysosomal degradation of beta-catenin in Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. PMID: 28337019
Used CRISPR-Cas9 technology to study effect of knockout of catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1) on cell behavior and signal pathways in HEK293 cells. Results showed knockout of CTNNB1 effected Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway and suppressed adhesion and proliferation of HEK 293T cells. PMID: 29249062
our results also revealed that lncRNA SNHG20 knockdown inhibited Wnt/b catenin signaling activity by suppressing beta-catenin expression and reversing the downstream target gene expression. Taken together, lncRNA SNHG20 plays an pivotal role in ovarian cancer progression by regulating Wnt/b-catenin signaling PMID: 29101241
Wnt3A regulates the expression of 1,136 genes, of which 662 are upregulated and 474 are downregulated in CCD-18Co cells. A set of genes encoding inhibitors of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway stand out among those induced by Wnt3A, which suggests that there is a feedback inhibitory mechanism. PMID: 29044515
The aim of our study was to analyze the immunohistochemical expression of beta-catenin, E-cadherin and Snail, depending on clinico-morphological aspects of the laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas. Results revealed variable E-cadherin, beta-catenin and Snail expression, depending on differentiation degree and tumor stage. PMID: 29250652
In this study we showed that the activation of Wnt/beta-catenin pathway culminates in the upregulation of MGAT1 enzyme both at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. We also showed that overexpression of the beta-catenin gene (CTNNB1) increased the promoter activity of MGAT1. PMID: 29310626
CTNNB1 mutation is associated with acquired resistance to KIT inhibitor in metastatic melanoma. PMID: 28421416
three CTNNB1 SNPs were suggested to have the potential to be novel biomarkers for risk prediction of cancer in overall population or some specific subgroups. [Review] PMID: 28963373
A CTNNB1 exon 3 mutation restricted to the areas exhibiting both positive glutamine synthetase (GS) and C-reactive protein (CRP) expression, whereas wild-type CTNNB1 was found in areas showing only CRP staining. These two cases illustrate focal beta-catenin activation that can occur within Inflammatory hepatocellular adenoma (IHCAs). PMID: 28618047
Results show that E-cadherin/beta-catenin complex is disrupted by ICAT promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cervical cancer cells. PMID: 29048651
Toosendanin administration inhibited growth and liver metastasis of orthotopically implanted SGC7901 tumors in vivo through miR200amediated beta-catenin pathway. Our data suggest that Toosendanin may suppress oncogenic phenotypes of human GC cells partly via miR200a/beta-catenin axis. Hence, Toosendanin may have a promising chemotherapeutic activity for GC therapy. PMID: 29048657

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Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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