Recombinant Mouse Prostaglandin E2 Receptor Ep4 Subtype (PTGER4)

Name: Recombinant Mouse Prostaglandin E2 Receptor Ep4 Subtype (PTGER4)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-07213P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Mouse Prostaglandin E2 Receptor Ep4 Subtype (PTGER4) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P32240
Target Symbol	PTGER4
Species	Mus musculus (Mouse)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	Tag-Free
Target Protein Sequence	RKTVLSKAIEKIKCLFCRIGGSGRDSSAQHCSESRRTSSAMSGHSRSFLARELKEISSTSQTLLYLPDLTESSLGGRNLLPGSHGMGLTQADTTSLRTLRISETSDSSQGQDSESVLLVDEVSGSHREEPASKGNSLQVTFPSETLKLSEKCI
Expression Range	361-513aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	16.6 kDa
Research Area	Signal Transduction
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Receptor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). The activity of this receptor is mediated by G(s) proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase. Has a relaxing effect on smooth muscle. May play an important role in regulating renal hemodynamics, intestinal epithelial transport, adrenal aldosterone secretion, and uterine function.
Subcellular Location	Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
Protein Families	G-protein coupled receptor 1 family
Database References	KEGG: mmu:19219 STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000048736 UniGene: Mm.18509
Tissue Specificity	Abundant expression in ileum, thymus and mastocytoma P-815 cells. Also observed in lung, spleen, heart and uterus.

Gene Functions References

EP4 is a novel regulator of bile acid synthesis, and its activation protects against hypercholesterolemia. PMID: 29890224
Paricalcitol also attenuated the infiltration of inflammatory cells and production of proinflammatory cytokines after IR injury. EP4 antagonist abolished these antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. The EP4 plays a pivotal role in the protective effects of paricalcitol in renal IR injury. PMID: 28465762
These results demonstrate a novel role for prostaglandin receptor EP4 in the mediation of barrier-enhancing and anti-inflammatory effects caused by oxidized phospholipids. PMID: 28572443
The deletion of EP4 increases mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative capacity in WAT, and fat mass loss ensues in mice. PMID: 28533326
Myeloid cell Ptger4 modulates interleukin production but not atherogenesis in type I diabetic mice. PMID: 27351842
These data suggest that vascular EP4 receptors buffer the actions of AngII on renal hemodynamics and oxidative injury. PMID: 27245461
these studies have demonstrated an important but unexpected role for macrophage COX-2/prostaglandin E2/PGE2 receptor subtype 4 signaling to lessen progression of diabetic kidney disease, unlike the pathogenic effects of increased COX-2 expression in intrinsic renal cells. PMID: 27815317
It mediates neuritogenesis in sensory neuron. PMID: 27032908
PGE2-mediated EP4 signaling in myeloid cells promotes tumorigenesis. PMID: 26378024
the lean phenotype of EP4-deficient mice resulted from reduction in adipose tissue and accretion of other peripheral organs caused by impaired triglyceride clearance PMID: 26271253
These findings suggest that systemic EP4 antagonism leads to increased adhesion formation and matrix deposition during flexor tendon healing. PMID: 26312751
These data suggest that EPRAP in macrophages functions crucially in suppressing colonic inflammation. Consistently, EPRAP-positive macrophages were also accumulated in the colonic stroma of ulcerative colitis patients. PMID: 26439841
an EP4 receptor antagonist modulated PGE2 effects on fibroblast production of angiogenic factors PMID: 26475855
LPS-induced non-REM sleep was slightly attenuated in mice lacking EP4 receptors in the nervous system PMID: 25532785
Data suggest that the ability of prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 to promote aquaporin 2 (AQP2) membrane targeting and increase AQP2 abundance makes it a therapeutic target for the treatment of congenital diabetes insipidus. PMID: 26100911
Data suggest that PGE2/Ep4 (prostaglandin E receptor 4; Ptger4) signaling via cAMP/Epac (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1; Rapgef3) induces expression of Icam1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1) in cerebrovascular endothelial cells. PMID: 23317035
these studies support the hypothesis that EP4-mediated activation can, in an autocrine or paracrine manner drive stem cell survival. PMID: 24281828
Selective activation of the EP4 receptor following acute ischemic damage is neuroprotective. PMID: 23041537
EP4 is a key receptor for PGE(2)-mediated direct and indirect regulation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. PMID: 23315170
different EP receptors (EP(1-4)) to PGE(2)-induced anion secretion in human and mouse colon mucosa PMID: 22732652
low dietary salt intake induces expression of COX-2 followed by enhanced renal PGE(2) synthesis, which stimulates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system by activation of EP4 receptor. PMID: 22993066
An endogenous PGE(2)-EP(4) system in the tubular epithelium limits the development of tubulointerstitial fibrosis by suppressing inflammatory responses. PMID: 22513820
EP4-MS pretreatment, but not unloaded ONO-AE2-724, significantly attenuated TNBS-induced colitis. PMID: 22300734
The genome wide expression analysis of full term wild type and EP4(-/-) DA indicates that PGE(2)/EP4 signaling modulates expression of a number of unique pathways. PMID: 22342504
These findings suggest that EP4 signaling is necessary for the maintenance of cochlear physiological function and for cochlear protection against noise-induced damage PMID: 22198478
MMP-dependent release of TNFalpha induced expression of early growth response protein 1 in macrophages followed by elevation in mPGES-1 expression; induction of mPGES-1 was regulated in part through positive feedback loop dependent on PGE2 binding to EP4 PMID: 22227567
Expression of EP4 was robust in neurons and markedly induced in endothelial cells after ischemia-reperfusion, suggesting that neuronal and/or endothelial EP4 signaling imparts cerebroprotection. PMID: 21965326
study provides novel evidence that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived PGE2 is highly induced in Th17-MSC co-cultures and mediates a potent suppressive effect on primary and secondary Th17 induction via the EP4 receptor PMID: 21710489
in advanced atherosclerosis, EP4 deficiency did not alter atherosclerotic lesion size, but yielded plaques with exacerbated inflammation and altered lesion composition PMID: 20736236
Deficiency of EP4 on bone marrow-derived cells boosted inflammation and abdominal aortic aneurysm formation induced by angiotensin II in hyperlipidemic mice. PMID: 21088251
Conditional deletion of this prostanoid receptor subtype from podocytes confers partial protection from glomerular filtration barrier damage after 5/6 nephrectomy. PMID: 20671216
This study supports an analogous and beneficial effect of PGE2 EP4 receptor signaling in suppressing brain inflammation PMID: 20483760
The present results address the novel activities of COX-2/PGE2-EP3/EP4 signaling that modulate tumor biology and show that CXCL12/CXCR4 axis may play a crucial role in tumor stromal formation and angiogenesis under the control of prostaglandins. PMID: 20110411
EP4 knockdown in cardiac myocytes in aged male KO mice is in part associated with increased fibrosis, reduced ejection fraction, and dilated cardiomyopathy. PMID: 20008274
Effects of selective prostaglandin EP4 receptor antagonist on osteoclast formation and bone resorption in vitro. PMID: 11792579
the EP4-receptor appears to be physiologically relevant in Kupffer cells since it conferred a high affinity response to PGE2. PMID: 11867175
EP4 maintains intestinal homeostasis by keeping mucosal integrity and downregulating immune response. PMID: 11927615
role of EP4 in progression of rheumatoid arthritis PMID: 12208866
Data show that although Langerhans cells express all four prostaglandin E receptor subtypes, their migration to regional lymph nodes was decreased only in receptor subtype 4 (EP4)-deficient mice and in wild-type mice treated with an EP4 antagonist. PMID: 12740571
combined effects of EP(1) and EP(4) antagonists on spontaneous polyp formation in APC knockout mice. PMID: 12841871
Disruption of the EP4 gene in bone marrow cells abrogates osteoclast formation in cocultures of cancer cell lines with bone marrow cells from COX-2 knockout (-/-), EP2 -/- or EP4 -/- mice compared to wild-type mice. PMID: 14623055
EP4 and COX-2 mRNA increased three- and sevenfold in stretched podocytes PMID: 14665434
Results describe the role of prostaglandin E(2) and its receptor EP4 in cell proliferation. PMID: 15123663
PGE(2) inhibits a crucial step of the adipocyte differentiation process by acting on the EP4 receptor in 3T3-L1 cells. PMID: 15336550
EP4 receptor mediates the suppressive action of PGE(2) in 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. PMID: 15336573
Mice homozygous for the targeted allele or following its Cre-mediated deletion die within hours of birth with persistent patent ductus areteriosus. PMID: 15354288
Inhibitory role of EP4 PGE(2) receptor in hepatic ischemic reperfusoin injury and the therapeutic efficacy of a selective EP4 agonist for liver protection. PMID: 15808664
Data obtained from EP4 receptor knockout mice demonstrate that the absence of the EP4 receptor decreases bone mass and impairs fracture healing in aged male mice. PMID: 15869929
PGE2-EP4 signaling pathway has an inhibitory role in hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury. PMID: 16108069
CP432, a nonprostanoid EP4 receptor selective prostaglandin E2 agonist, completely restored trabecular and cortical bone mass and strength in established osteopenic, aged OVX rats by stimulating bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption PMID: 16598377

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